IT 767 Cal State LA Information Technology Cyber Security Research Paper Submit your research paper following the guidelines in the Research Guidelines doc

IT 767 Cal State LA Information Technology Cyber Security Research Paper Submit your research paper following the guidelines in the Research Guidelines document.I will upload the outline with the comment to follow it. this the comment from my prof:( Remember that this has to be workforce related so the topic has to be related to the workforce implications: it is not to be just about the security threats but maybe the number of jobs in these fields and the ability to meet the demand ) Running head: CYBERSECURITY WORKFORCE OUTLINE
Department of Technology and Cybersecurity
Workforce Development: Cybersecurity Education, Training, and Certification IT-767
Jun 14, 2020
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CYBERSECURITY WORKFORCE OUTLINE
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Cyber Offense vs. Cyber Defense
I.
Introduction
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With the increase in cybersecurity threats and cyberattacks, there has never been a better
time to reconsider the best practices that will be effective in addressing the associated
issues.
o Technology continues to be an essential tool in almost every sector, and the risk
factors continue to be more prevalent than ever (NICCS, 2016).
o There is a need for having an understanding of the best practices in curbing the
risk factors of having technology form a central framework of almost all the
organizational processes (Saltzman, 2013).
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Thesis statement: organizations need to be aware of the cybersecurity workforce risks
and take inventory of their workforce for them to develop new cybersecurity skills that
may increase job satisfaction, improve retention, and the whole cyberspace security of the
entire organization.
II.
The importance of the topic in the cybersecurity workforce?
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The number of attack threat agents remains significantly high
o Organizations need to be on the watch for the many possibilities of cyberspace
security breach
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Ensuring cybersecurity is becoming tougher every year as cybercriminals perform new
attacks, exploit new vulnerabilities, and execute new attacks constantly (NICCS, 2016)
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Hence, this topic will have a significant contribution towards understanding the best
practices in cyber defence for every cyber offense identified.
CYBERSECURITY WORKFORCE OUTLINE
III.
What I expect to find out
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There is a lot of information and data that I anticipate to unearth through this
research.
o First, I intend to discover the different ways of protecting data and the
difference between the three approaches to protecting data.
o In the paper, I plan to look at the general, offensive, and defensive
mechanisms of protecting information as a cybersecurity specialist.
o Secondly, I anticipate finding out the existing system vulnerabilities that
increase the threats to network infrastructures of cybersecurity platforms
and the variations that characterize these threats.
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IV.
(Truong, Diep & Zelinka, 2020).
Conclusion
o The key findings will be essential in helping system engineers to harden the security of
networks and patch any holes in the system beyond an easy penetration by potential
threat agents
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CYBERSECURITY WORKFORCE OUTLINE
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References
NICCS. (2016). Cybersecurity Workforce Development Toolkit. Retrieved 14 June 2020, from
https://niccs.uscert.gov/sites/default/files/documents/pdf/cybersecurity_workforce_development_toolkit.
pdf?trackDocs=cybersecurity_workforce_development_toolkit.pdf
Saltzman, I. (2013). Cyber Posturing and the Offense-Defense Balance. Contemporary Security
Policy, 34(1), 40-63. doi: 10.1080/13523260.2013.771031
Truong, T., Diep, Q., & Zelinka, I. (2020). Artificial Intelligence in the Cyber Domain: Offense
and Defense. Symmetry, 12(3), 410. doi: 10.3390/sym12030410
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Research Paper Requirements
Introduction
The research paper allows you to develop a more complete understanding of the specific topical area that you
have previously chosen. Although the information that you decide to include is up to your professional opinion,
remember that the paper will be graded on:
Content
Thoroughness of research
Currency of information
Relevance to topic chosen
Use of multiple researchers and sources
At least 50% of the sources from the academic literature
Style
Grammar
Writing ability
Completeness
Format
Addressing the audience
Your own words
No direct copy and paste
Use in-text citations
Include Academic Integrity Statement
Meeting deadlines
Following the instruction detailed below will save you a lot of frustration. If you are not confident in your
writing ability, please have someone proofread your paper before handing it in or contact the Writing Specialist
in the CTL. This will save you time and points. This is a doctoral level course and you will be expected to write
well. If you have any questions regarding the research paper, please see me ahead of time.
Audience
The paper is designed for other cybersecurity professionals who may be smart but “clueless” about the specific
research topic. You can assume they understand general cryptographic terms but not specific workforce related
terminology.
Length
The paper should be 8 to 10 pages (excluding title page, table of contents, references cited, glossary, and
Academic Integrity statement) and following the typographical requirements specified below. The page length
requirements refer to the total number of full pages. One line at the top of a page does not constitute a full page.
For a page to be considered full there must be at least ¾ text or include no more than 1/3 of graphics.
Principles Behind Research Papers
Research papers address a specific research question, either through the analysis of data you compile (analytical
paper) or through the comparison of the results of prior and current research (comparative paper). This
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assignment is a comparative paper and will require some reading—often from book and journals available in
our library or from quality sites on the Internet (no blogs). Below is the general format for the paper:
Introduction
Description of the topic
Clearly stated research question
Literature Review
Relevant current/prior research
Review of past or current work
Analysis
General findings among researchers
Comparison of the various results
Problems and/or key issues
Discussion
Observations concerning the results
Potential for future research
Conclusion
References Cited
Glossary
Remember that each of these components should be used in the final paper to avoid duplicating information and
providing a general structure for the reader. Use the outline above as the basis for organizing and presenting
your work. The final grade for your research paper is composed of all of these components. Failure to include
any of them will results in the loss of points.
Specific Research Paper Requirements
Please note the following specific requirements for the research paper. They are to appear in the order
that they are listed:
1. Title Page with:
a. The paper title
b. Your name, the course, and the date
c. The professor’s name
d. 1 paragraph abstract
2. Table of Contents with:
a.
Auto-generation
b.
Subheadings that appear in the text
c.
Page numbers of these headings
3. Research Paper with:
a. Begins with the Introduction (page 1)
b. Has a well-organized Body (appropriately named), divided into Sections and Subsections
c. Ends with a Conclusion
d. Page numbers throughout
4. References
5. Glossary
6. Academic Integrity statement
Additional Requirements
These additional requirements are geared toward producing the final printed work:
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1-inch margins only
12-point font
Double spaced lines
Sections and subsections divided by one blank line
No blank lines between paragraphs in the same section
Single spaced references/bibliography
No one-sentence paragraphs
Number all pages except the Title Page and tTable of Contents with text starting on page 1
All graphics must include a numbered caption (e.g. Figure 1: Workforce Projections)
Readable graphics no more than 1/3 page with source cited under the graphic
Graphics can be no more than 15% of paper length
Some Comments on Plagiarism
Plagiarism is representing someone else’s work as your own. In order to avoid plagiarism, you must give credit
when you use:
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Another person’s idea, opinion, or theory;
Any facts, statistics, graphs, drawings–any pieces of information–that are not common knowledge;
Quotations of another person’s actual spoken or written words; or
Paraphrase of another person’s spoken or written words
Simply rearranging someone else’s words is not enough, if you are not the originator of the idea, you will need
to give the author credit. Paraphrasing means that you substantially alter the wording without altering the
meaning. However, not every sentence in a research paper needs to be cited. There is no formula for the process
of paraphrasing or giving credit. But there is a quick test to see if you might be committing plagiarism: If the
words or ideas are not yours, cite the source in the text; if what you are relating is common knowledge, no
citation is necessary.
An Example of Plagiarism
Original text from John Stuart Mill’s Utilitarianism:
All persons are deemed to have a right to equality of treatment, except when some recognized social
expediency requires the reverse. And hence all social inequalities which have ceased to be considered
expedient, assume the character of not simple inexpediency, but of injustice, and appear so tyrannical,
that people are apt to wonder how they could ever have been tolerated…
Paraphrasing that is a form of plagiarism:
All people are deemed to have a right to equal treatment, except when some accepted social
expediency requires the opposite. And therefore, all societal inequalities which have ceased to be
considered expedient, take on character of not just inexpediency, but of injustice, and appear so
tyrannical that people begin to speculate how they could ever have been tolerated…
Why is this plagiarism?
• Only a few words or phrases were changed, or the order of the original’s sentences were
changed.
• There is no citation.
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One of the most common forms of plagiarism is cutting and pasting from an internet document. Even if you cite
the material that was cut and pasted, it is still plagiarism. Putting quotes around the material will not help, since
the objective of research papers is for YOU to do the work… not some other researcher.
Remember that computers are making it easier to get information and represent it as your own, but they also
make it easier for people to check up on suspect material. If you have knowingly represented someone else’s
material as your own (i.e. plagiarized) and attempted to hide that fact, either by using obscure works or giving
false citations, you will fail the course and may have to answer to the University’s Academic Integrity process.
If you have ANY questions regarding this subject, please do not hesitate to contact me.
Grading of the Research Paper
Below are the criteria that will be used to grade the research paper. Please read through this section carefully
before and after completing your paper so that you do not needlessly lose points.
1. Paper Content
The content of the paper must be relevant to the course. Topics that are only tangentially related to the course
subject should not be included. The grading of the content of a paper is inherently subjective and every effort is
made to accommodate the interests of the student. However, if the content of the paper is obviously of poor
quality, the final grade of the paper will be lower.
Grade loss for not meeting this requirement: Up to 100%
2. Missing Component
Any of the components of the Specific Research Paper Requirements that are missing will result in the loss of
points for each missing component. The components are: (1) Title Page, (2) Abstract, (3) Table of Contents, (4)
Introduction, (5) Body (5) Summary/Conclusions, (6) References.
Grade loss for not meeting this requirement: 5% per component
3. Paper Length
Paper length refers to the total number of text pages, excluding all figures and graphics. The paper length listed
above refers to the minimum number of full pages that are required. Papers can exceed this minimum
requirement by one or two pages. Please include page numbers only on body of the paper. Title pages, table of
contents, references, etc. should not be numbered.
Grade loss for not meeting this requirement: Up to 5%
4. Number of Sources
The number of sources used in a paper reflects the researcher’s level of effort and understanding of the topic,
provided they have read the material. The number of sources required for research papers is a function of paper
length: 8-page papers should have a minimum of 8 sources, 10-page papers should have a minimum of 10
sources, etc. All sources listed on the References cited page must be cited in the text.
Grade loss for not meeting this requirement: Up to 5%
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5. Graphics
Research papers may include relevant graphics which must be discussed in the text. The graphics must be high
quality and completely legible. Graphics must be placed immediately following their initial citation or reference
in the text. Source information must accompany all graphics. All graphics must be referred to in the text using
the following format:
(See Figure 1, name of figure))
Grade loss for not meeting this requirement: 5%
6. Introduction and Conclusion
All papers must include a 1 to 2 paragraph Introduction and Conclusion. The Introduction must introduce the
topic, address what points will be covered, state the time frame, and any other information that will help the
reader understand the point of the research. It is here that the research question or topic should be clearly
stated. The Conclusion should briefly re-state the main points of the paper and address any issues raised by the
research.
Grade loss for not meeting this requirement: 2% for each.
7. Use of Personal Pronouns
Papers should be written in the abstract or third person. Do not use personal pronouns (you, I, me). Rather than
writing, “The reason why you never…” try to restructure the sentence to remove the personal pronoun.
Grade loss for not meeting this requirement: 2%
8. Paper Organization
The paper must be organized into sections, and further into sub-sections where appropriate. Try to base these
sections on the outline above if possible. Each section and sub-section must have a heading. If your paper is
disorganized, difficult to follow, rambling, or unduly boring points will be taken off.
Grade loss for not meeting this requirement: 2%
9. Internet Sources
While Internet sources can be a valuable addition to research, no more than 1/2 of sources cited can be
Internet web pages. Do not use personal, business, or other Internet sites that have biased agendas. If using
Internet pages as research sources follow the APA citation method. On-line journals are treated the same as
standard journals. Hint: stick with governmental or other well recognized organizations. Remember that the
ease with which you found the Internet information also makes it easy for me to check these sites for accuracy
and relevance.
Grade loss for not meeting this requirement: 2%
11. Grammar/Sentence Structure/Spelling
Good grammar and/or sentence structure is critical for conveying ideas and information correctly, without
misinterpretation. Excessive bad grammar, misspellings, and/or poor sentence structure will result in lost points.
Avoid run-on sentences, one sentence paragraphs, excessive use of jargon, and writing “as you speak.”
Carefully consider your punctuation and avoid excessive commas
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Grade loss for not meeting this requirement: Up to 10%
12. Excessive Quotations
The use of direct quotations should be limited only to those that add substance to the paper. Excessive direct
quotations show that the writer either cannot paraphrase or is lazy.
Grade loss for not meeting this requirement: 3%
13. Padding
Padding refers to using inappropriate techniques to increase the length of a research paper. Excessively wide
margins (>1”), superfluous bullet or number lists, excessive spacing between headings or paragraphs are all
examples of padding. A small amount of padding may be excused due to computer formatting or trying to make
your paper “look” good. Excessive padding with lists or blank lines is unacceptable.
Grade loss for not meeting this requirement: 3%
14. Reference Citation Format
All sources listed in the References Cited section of the paper must be cited in the text of the paper or as the
source information for graphics… Please use the APA Style Manual format for citations. This tool will
automatically produce APA formatted citations
https://owl.purdue.edu/owl/research_and_citation/apa_style/apa_formatting_and_style_guide/reference_list_arti
cles_in_periodicals.html
14.1a Standard citation in the paper…
Further, RAT implies that cyberspace as an environment may be explored in terms of a geographical
approach to criminality and may have explanatory value (Leukfeldt & Yar, 2016)
14.1b Standard citation in the references…
Leukfeldt, E. R., & Yar, M. (2016). Applying Routine Activity Theory to Cybercrime: A Theoretical
and Empirical Analysis. Deviant Behaviour, 37(3), 263-280.
14.2a Government document in the paper…
According to the U.S. Census Bureau (1990, pg. 47) Shippensburg, Pennsylvania has approximately
5200 permanent residents.
14.2b Government document in the references…
U.S. Census Bureau. (1990). 1990 Census of Population and Housing. Washington, D.C.: U.S.
Government Printing Office.
14.3a WWW citation in the paper…
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A qubit can reside in several positions at the same time, and it can also represent a quantum state that
is made up of several values simultaneously (Denning, 2019).
14.3b WWW citation in the references…
Denning, D. (2019). Is Quantum Computing a Cybersecurity Threat? American Scientist. Retrieved
from https://www.americanscientist.org/article/is-quantum-computing-acybersecurity-threat
Cardinal, D. (2019, January 30). How Does Quantum Computing Work? Retrieved from https://
www.extremetech.com/extreme/284306-how-quantum-computing-works
What Is Quantum Computing? (n.d.). Retrieved from
https://www.cbinsights.com/research/report/quantum-computing/
Grade loss for not meeting this requirement: Up to 5%
15. Missing Research Paper Deadlines
The actual deadline for handing in the research paper or any of its components is on Canvass. These dates may
be adjusted based on unforeseen circumstances. However, the final date for handing in the paper will be the one
on Canvas unless otherwise noted. The paper will be due at the end of the day on this date. If you have special
circumstances which impact your ability to hand in the research paper on time, you must see me in advance.
Grade loss for not meeting this requirement: 2% per day late

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