Infrastructure Protection Question After reading the week’s Lesson materials, you will develop a working hypothesis, building on the research topic you hav

Infrastructure Protection Question After reading the week’s Lesson materials, you will develop a working hypothesis, building on the research topic you have chosen. Remember that once you have identified a research question, you will propose some plausible explanation (answer to the question), which may turn out to be true or not. The point of this exercise is to identify some independent variables that lead to a dependent variable, which lead you to put a hypothesis into words.

Topic: Infrastructure Protection

Question: The particular research question to focus on is; how has the 9/11 attack enhanced collaboration and protection of essential infrastructure and intelligence agencies?

The purpose for identifying a working hypothesis is to develop an assumption based on your preliminary research and then identify the variables that you will analyze to produce an empirical analysis. Sometimes there are two competing hypotheses and the key is to discover which answer is more correct through your research.

For example, if my research question was: What are the conditions that lead to the proliferation of demonstrations in Arab countries? and my preliminary research indicated that there was high unemployment among the young, discontent with the political process, poverty, I would diagram my variables like this:

IV + IV + IV = DV
Unemployment + discontent + poverty = popular demonstrations

From there, I might develop a simple hypothesis:

High rates of unemployment among the young, discontent with the political process, and poverty common to many of the Arab Spring nations contributed to widespread unrest and demonstrations.

However, a person could come up with another explanation for the same dependent variable: popular demonstrations.

IV + IV + IV = DV
Political Repression + Censorship + Extremist Agitation = Popular Demonstrations

For this assignment you are to develop one working hypothesis or, if more applicable for your topic, two alternative explanations for the same observed or predicted phenomenon. If the alternative explanations (hypotheses) are mutually exclusive of each other, only one of the explanations can be correct. You should provide a short review of the sources that pertain to your topic to enable the reader to see how you arrived at this working hypothesis.

Later in this class you will continue with your hypothesis as the basis of what will become the paper you deliver in the final week. In the weeks ahead, I will step you through the various steps to create that paper. For now, though, focus on the explanation (hypothesis development) for your research question.

REQUIRED ELEMENTS OF THE ASSIGNMENT:

1. TITLE PAGE

2. STATE YOUR HYPOTHESIS. PRESENT IN DIAGRAM FORM AND WRITTEN FORM!

3. SHORT REVIEW OF SOURCES. REMEMBER THAT THE HIGHEST QUALITY SOURCES ARE PEER REVIEWED, GOVERNMENT PUBLICATIONS, AND SCHOLARLY TEXTS. DO NOT MERELY LIST THE REFERENCES. PROVIDE A SHORT DISCUSSION (THREE TO FOUR SENTENCES) OF WHY THE REFERENCE IS RELEVANT TO YOUR RESEARCH QUESTION.

4. REFERENCE LIST (THIS WILL CONTAIN THE FORMAL CITATION FOR EACH REFERENCE IN APA FORMAT)

Create in a Word document and upload to Assignments by Sunday night at 11:55pm EST. Writing A Proper
Hypothesis
Using the “If / Then” Method
eia.egreen.wednet.edu/science/…/hypotheses/if-then_hypothesis.ppt
Parts of the Statement
? Independent Variable:
The condition being studied. It is controlled by the
experimenter.
ex. Water
? Dependent Variable:
The condition affected by the ind. variable. It can’t be
controlled by the experimenter.
ex. Plant Growth
? Control:
The condition that is represented in a normal
situation.
Steps to Writing the “If” section of
your Hypothesis
1. Start your sentence with the word “If”
2. Write down one of the variables
3. Connect statement with one of the following:
is related to
is affected by
causes
4. Write down the other variable
Writing the “Then” section of your
Hypothesis
? Write the word then (following the “if” section)
? Make a comment on the relationship between
those two variables.
Ex. If section:
If water is related to plant growth,
Ex. Then section:
then the more you water plants, the
bigger they will grow.
Final “If / Then” Statement
If water is related to plant growth,
then the more you water plants, the
bigger they will grow.
Running Head: INFRASTRUCTURE PROTECTION
Infrastructure Protection
Jeffrey Davis
HLSS 300
Professor Kathryn Lambert
American Public University
June 12, 2019
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INFRASTRUCTURE PROTECTION
Infrastructure Protection
Research question
Homeland security protects the entire vital infrastructure. The infrastructure involves the tangible
equipment and the systems that enhance security of the country. High terrorist activities and
natural calamities may destroy the infrastructure thus leading to negative problems in the
economic social and physical security (Lee, Lu & Lee, 2014). Thus, infrastructure protection is
vital since it enables all sectors to enhance security at different levels. The particular research
question to focus on is; how has the 9/11 attack enhanced collaboration and protection of
essential infrastructure and intelligence agencies?
Background description
The United States intelligence agencies did not predict the 9/11 attack. This is attributed
to the differing organizational cultures among the agencies that inhibited collaborative
information sharing. Thus, the attacker used such vulnerabilities to attack the country. All
infrastructures are critical in enhancing the major role of securing the country (Personick,
Patterson & National Research Council, 2013). Information sharing across the networks and
networks is only possible if all the communicating infrastructures are secure and in control.
Effectiveness of the interdependencies among the agencies relies on the availability of the
individual infrastructure. Thus, infrastructure protection is a crucial element for security.
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INFRASTRUCTURE PROTECTION
Search criteria
Information collection is a broad category that requires effective methods. This study will
primarily engage content analysis techniques to identify and draw vital findings and conclusions
about the topic. I will research databases, books, and articles for bibliographies and other
relevant information about the topic. Primarily, the study will analyze secondary data sources.
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INFRASTRUCTURE PROTECTION
References
Lee, C. J., Lu, C. H., & Lee, L. H. (2014). Homeland Security and Private Sector Business:
Corporations’ Role in Critical Infrastructure Protection. CRC Press.
Personick, S. D., Patterson, C. A., & National Research Council. (2003). Critical information
infrastructure protection and the law: an overview of key issues. Natl Academy Pr.

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