Drills Graduate School Disaster Preparation Hospital Emergency Preparation Plan & Disaster Response and Recovery Discussion Answer the following discussion

Drills Graduate School Disaster Preparation Hospital Emergency Preparation Plan & Disaster Response and Recovery Discussion Answer the following discussion board questions in DEPTH and DETAILS and use reliable updated resources and references:

“1. FEMA lists 15 functions in its Emergency Management Exercise Reporting System (Attached: look for ESF #7). FEMA defines a function as “an action or operation required in emergency response or recovery.” Any or all of those may be the primary or secondary focus of an exercise. Here’s where we get to have some fun. Find your name below for your ESF assignment. Describe how your function would be used in a response. Here is the list:

* I got ESF #7 – Logistics Management and Resource Support

2. Envision an imaginary emergency operations plan for a small rural hospital ‘Anywhere General.” As the new disaster planner for AG, Administration has asked you to review that plan and make recommendations for change. Using the knowledge you gained during Foundations (DMM 610), write a brief (250-500 words) summary of that fictional plan. That summary – which you should address to AG’s Board of Directors and CEO – should include parts of the plan you think are adequate and areas you think should be modified. ”

Notes:

***APA sitation style

***Use only updated resources

***Use Additional Resources and IMPLEMENT your critical thinking into the discussion January 2008
National Response Framework: Overview
Page i
This document was developed expressly for emergency management practitioners as an
overview of the process, roles, and responsibilities for requesting and providing all forms of
Federal assistance. This overview also presents a summary of each of the 15 Emergency
Support Function Annexes and 8 Support Annexes including their purpose, capabilities,
membership, and concept of operations. The complete annexes are contained in the online
NRF Resource Center.
For further information on how the Nation conducts incident response, refer to the National
Response Framework.
January 2008
National Response Framework: Overview
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National Response Framework: Overview
January 2008
CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION ………………………………………………………………………………………… 1
KEY PLAYERS …………………………………………………………………………………………… 2
Local Governments
Tribal Governments
State Governments
Federal Government
Nongovernmental Organizations
Private Sector
FEDERAL ASSISTANCE ………………………………………………………………………………… 4
Federal Support to States
Federal-to-Federal Support
REFERENCE TABS
Emergency Support Function (ESF) Annex Summaries…………………………………9
Introduction …………………………………………………………………………………….11
ESF #1 – Transportation…………………………………………………………………….13
ESF #2 – Communications ………………………………………………………………….15
ESF #3 – Public Works and Engineering ………………………………………………….17
ESF #4 – Firefighting ………………………………………………………………………..19
ESF #5 – Emergency Management ………………………………………………………..21
ESF #6 – Mass Care, Emergency Assistance, Housing, and Human Services ………23
ESF #7 – Logistics Management and Resource Support ……………………………….25
ESF #8 – Public Health and Medical Services ……………………………………………27
ESF #9 – Search and Rescue……………………………………………………………….29
ESF #10 – Oil and Hazardous Materials Response………………………………………..31
ESF #11 – Agriculture and Natural Resources …………………………………………….33
ESF #12 – Energy ……………………………………………………………………………..35
ESF #13 – Public Safety and Security ………………………………………………………37
ESF #14 – Long-Term Community Recovery ……………………………………………..39
ESF #15 – External Affairs ……………………………………………………………………41
Support Annex Summaries …………………………………………………………………….43
Introduction …………………………………………………………………………………….45
Critical Infrastructure and Key Resources …………………………………………………47
Financial Management ………………………………………………………………………..49
International Coordination ……………………………………………………………………51
Private-Sector Coordination ………………………………………………………………….53
Public Affairs ……………………………………………………………………………………55
Tribal Relations …………………………………………………………………………………57
Volunteer and Donations Management …………………………………………………….59
Worker Safety and Health ……………………………………………………………………61
January 2008
National Response Framework: Overview
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National Response Framework: Overview
January 2008
INTRODUCTION
The National Response Framework (NRF) presents the guiding principles that enable all
response partners to prepare for and provide a unified national response to disasters
and emergencies – from the smallest incident to the largest catastrophe. The
Framework defines the key principles, roles, and structures that organize the way we
respond as a Nation. It describes how communities, tribes, States, the Federal
Government, and private-sector and nongovernmental partners apply these principles
for a coordinated, effective national response. The National Response Framework is
always in effect, and elements can be implemented at any level at any time.
This Overview supports and provides additional guidance concerning the Framework. In
particular, this document focuses on the essential processes for requesting and receiving
Federal assistance and summarizes the key response capabilities and essential support
elements provided through the Emergency Support Function (ESF) Annexes and Support
Annexes.
The Overview includes the following topics:
1. Key Players: Organizations and entities that may either need assistance or provide
assistance
2. Federal Assistance: Descriptions of the processes for requesting and obtaining
Federal assistance in support of States, tribes, local jurisdictions, and other Federal
partners
3. Emergency Support Function Annexes: Summaries of the 15 ESF Annexes,
which group Federal resources and capabilities into functional areas to serve as the
primary mechanisms for providing assistance at the operational level
4. Support Annexes: Summaries of the 8 Support Annexes, which describe essential
supporting aspects that are common to all incidents
The Framework also includes Incident Annexes that address specific categories of
contingencies or hazard situations requiring specialized application of Framework
mechanisms. The Incident Annexes are not directly addressed or summarized in this
support document. Readers should review the Incident Annexes on the NRF Resource
Center, http://www.fema.gov/NRF.
Details relating to requesting and receiving assistance, as well as the authorities under
which assistance is provided, are available on the NRF Resource Center. Response
Partner Guides, information on Stafford Act and non-Stafford Act assistance, all
annexes, and a listing of legal authorities are available on this Web site.
January 2008
National Response Framework: Overview
Page 1
KEY PLAYERS
LOCAL GOVERNMENTS
Local governments (counties, cities, or towns) respond to emergencies daily using their
own resources. They also rely on mutual aid and assistance agreements with
neighboring jurisdictions when they need additional resources. The National Incident
Management System (NIMS) provides information on mutual aid and assistance
agreements.
When local jurisdictions cannot meet incident response resource needs with their own
resources or with help available from other local jurisdictions, they may ask the State for
assistance.
TRIBAL GOVERNMENTS
Tribal governments respond to the same range of emergencies and disasters that other
jurisdictions face. They may require assistance from neighboring jurisdictions under
mutual aid and assistance agreements and may provide assistance as well.
The United States has a trust relationship with Indian tribes and recognizes their right to
self-government. As such, tribal governments are responsible for coordinating resources
to address actual or potential incidents. When local resources are not adequate, tribal
leaders seek assistance from States or the Federal Government.
For certain types of Federal assistance, tribal governments work with the State, but as
sovereign entities they can also elect to deal directly with the Federal Government for
other types of assistance. In order to obtain Federal assistance via the Robert T.
Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act (Stafford Act), the State Governor
must request a Presidential declaration on behalf of a tribe.
STATE GOVERNMENTS
The State helps local governments if they need assistance. States have significant
resources of their own, including emergency management and homeland security
agencies, State police, health agencies, transportation agencies, incident management
teams, specialized teams, and the National Guard.
If additional resources are required, the State may request assistance from other States
through interstate mutual aid and assistance agreements such as the Emergency
Management Assistance Compact (EMAC). Administered by the National Emergency
Management Association, EMAC is a congressionally ratified organization that provides
form and structure to the interstate mutual aid and assistance process. 1
If an incident is beyond the local and State capabilities, the Governor can seek Federal
assistance. The State will collaborate with the impacted communities and the Federal
Government to provide the help needed.
1
For more detail about EMAC, see http://www.emacweb.org/.
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National Response Framework: Overview
January 2008
KEY PLAYERS
FEDERAL GOVERNMENT
The Federal Government maintains a wide array of capabilities and resources that can
assist State governments in responding to incidents. Federal departments and agencies
provide this assistance using processes outlined later in this document. In addition,
Federal departments and agencies may also request and receive help from other Federal
departments and agencies.
NONGOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS
Nongovernmental and voluntary organizations are essential partners in responding to
incidents. Working through emergency operations centers and other structures,
nongovernmental and voluntary organizations assist local, tribal, State, and Federal
governments in providing sheltering, emergency food supplies, counseling services, and
other vital support services to support response and promote the recovery of disaster
victims. These groups often provide specialized services that help individuals with
special needs, including those with disabilities.
To engage these key partners most effectively, local, tribal, State, and Federal
governments coordinate with voluntary agencies, existing Voluntary Organizations Active
in Disaster (VOADs), community and faith-based organizations, and other entities to
develop plans to manage volunteer services and donated goods, establish appropriate
roles and responsibilities, and train and exercise plans and procedures before an incident
occurs.
PRIVATE SECTOR
Forming the foundation for the health of the Nation’s economy, the private sector is a
key partner in local, tribal, State, and Federal incident management activities. The
private sector is responsible for most of the critical infrastructure and key resources in
the Nation and thus may require assistance in the wake of a disaster or emergency.
They also provide goods and services critical to the response and recovery process,
either on a paid basis or through donations.
January 2008
National Response Framework: Overview
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FEDERAL ASSISTANCE
Federal disaster assistance is often thought of as synonymous with Presidential
declarations and the Stafford Act. The fact is that Federal assistance can be provided to
State, tribal, and local jurisdictions, and to other Federal departments and agencies, in a
number of different ways through various mechanisms and authorities. Federal
assistance does not always require coordination by the Department of Homeland
Security (DHS) and may be provided without a Presidential major disaster or emergency
declaration.
Federal assistance for incidents that do not require DHS coordination may be led by
other Federal departments and agencies consistent with their authorities. The Secretary
of Homeland Security may monitor such incidents and may activate Framework
mechanisms to provide support to departments and agencies without assuming overall
leadership for the Federal response to the incident.
FEDERAL SUPPORT TO STATES
STAFFORD ACT
Federal support to States and local jurisdictions takes many forms. The most widely
known authority under which assistance is provided for major incidents is the Stafford
Act.
When an incident occurs that exceeds or is anticipated to exceed local, tribal, or State
resources, the Governor can request Federal assistance under the Stafford Act. The
Stafford Act authorizes the President to provide financial and other assistance to State
and local governments, certain private nonprofit organizations, and individuals to
support response, recovery, and mitigation efforts following Presidential emergency or
major disaster declarations.
Most incidents are not of sufficient magnitude to warrant a Presidential declaration.
However, if State and local resources are insufficient, a Governor may ask the President
to make such a declaration. Before making a declaration request, the Governor must
activate the State’s emergency plan and ensure that all appropriate State and local
actions have been taken or initiated, including but not limited to:
•
Surveying the affected areas to determine the extent of private and public damage.
•
Conducting joint preliminary damage assessments with Federal Emergency
Management Agency (FEMA) officials to estimate the types and extent of Federal
disaster assistance required.
Ordinarily, only the Governor can initiate a request for a Presidential emergency or
major disaster declaration. In extraordinary circumstances, the President may
unilaterally make such a declaration. The Governor’s request is made through the FEMA
Regional Administrator and based on a finding that the disaster is of such severity and
magnitude that effective response is beyond the capabilities of the State and affected
local governments, and that Federal assistance is necessary.
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National Response Framework: Overview
January 2008
FEDERAL ASSISTANCE
The Governor’s request includes:
•
Information on the extent and nature of State resources that have been or will be
used to address the consequences of the disaster.
•
A certification by the Governor that State and local governments will assume all
applicable non-Federal costs required by the Stafford Act.
•
An estimate of the types and amounts of supplementary Federal assistance
required.
•
Designation of the State Coordinating Officer.
The FEMA Regional Administrator evaluates the damage and requirements for Federal
assistance and makes a recommendation to the FEMA Administrator. The FEMA
Administrator, acting through the Secretary of Homeland Security, then recommends a
course of action to the President. The Governor, appropriate Members of Congress, and
Federal departments and agencies are immediately notified of a Presidential declaration.
Figure 1. Overview of Stafford Act Support to States
January 2008
National Response Framework: Overview
Page 5
FEDERAL ASSISTANCE
NON-STAFFORD FEDERAL SUPPORT TO STATE AND LOCAL JURISDICTIONS
While the Stafford Act is the most familiar mechanism by which the Federal Government
may provide support to State, tribal, and local governments, it is not the only one.
Often, Federal assistance does not require coordination by DHS and can be provided
without a Presidential major disaster or emergency declaration.
In these instances, Federal departments and agencies provide assistance to States, as
well as directly to tribes and local jurisdictions, consistent with their own authorities.
For example, under the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and
Liability Act, local and tribal governments can request assistance directly from the
Environmental Protection Agency and/or the U.S. Coast Guard.
This support is typically coordinated by the Federal agency with primary jurisdiction
rather than DHS. The Secretary of Homeland Security may monitor such incidents and
may, as requested, activate Framework mechanisms to support Federal departments
and agencies without assuming overall leadership for the incident.
NATIONAL DEFENSE AND DEFENSE SUPPORT OF CIVIL AUTHORITIES
The primary mission of the Department of Defense (DOD) and its components is national
defense. Because of this critical role, resources are committed after approval by the
Secretary of Defense or at the direction of the President. Many DOD components and
agencies are authorized to respond to save lives, protect property and the environment,
and mitigate human suffering under imminently serious conditions, as well as to provide
support under their separate established authorities, as appropriate. The provision of
defense support is evaluated by its legality, lethality, risk, cost, appropriateness, and
impact on readiness. When Federal military and civilian personnel and resources are
authorized to support civil authorities, command of those forces will remain with the
Secretary of Defense. DOD elements in the incident area of operations and National
Guard forces under the command of a Governor will coordinate closely with response
organizations at all levels.
In rare circumstances, the President can federalize National Guard forces for domestic
duties under Title 10 (e.g., in cases of invasion by a foreign nation, rebellion against the
authority of the United States, or where the President is unable to execute the laws of
the United States with regular forces (10 U.S.C. 12406)). When mobilized under Title
10 of the U.S. Code, the forces are no longer under the command of the Governor.
Instead, DOD assumes full responsibility for all aspects of the deployment, including
command and control over National Guard forces.
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National Response Framework: Overview
January 2008
FEDERAL ASSISTANCE
FEDERAL LAW ENFORCEMENT ASSISTANCE
Each State has jurisdiction for enforcement of State laws, using State and local
resources, including the National Guard (to the extent that the National Guard remains
under State authority and has not been called into Federal service or ordered to active
duty).
State governments may request Federal law enforcement assistance under the
Emergency Federal Law Enforcement Assistance Act without a Presidential emergency or
major disaster declaration. In addition, Federal agencies may request public safety and
security or general law enforcement support from another Federal agency during a
large-scale incident. The ESF #13 – Public Safety and Security Annex provides further
guidance on the integration of public safety and security resources to support the full
range of incident management functions.
FEDERAL-TO-FEDERAL SUPPORT
INTERAGENCY AGREEMENTS
Federal departments and agencies routinely manage the response to incidents under
their statutory or executive authorities. For example, the Department of
Agriculture/Forest Service and various agencies of the Department of the Interior
conduct wildland firefighting activities under existing memorandums of agreement
(MOAs) with other Federal, State, and local entities.
These types of responses do not require DHS coordination and are led by the Federal
entity with primary jurisdiction. In these instances, the Secretary of Homeland Security
may monitor such incidents and may, as requested, activate Framework mechanisms to
provide support to departments and agencies without assuming overall leadership for
the incident.
FEDERAL-TO-FEDERAL SUPPORT COORDINATED BY DHS
When a Federal entity with primary responsibility and authority for handling an incident
requires Federal assistance above and beyond its interagency mechanisms (e.g.,
Executive orders, memorandums of understanding (MOUs), MOAs, etc.), that
department or agency can request additional Federal assistance through DHS. When
this happens, this support is:
•
Coordinated by DHS using th…
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