COM 250 Loras College Purpose of Theatre Essay Write a short essay that defines and explains what you believe to be the purpose of theatre.Clearly state yo

COM 250 Loras College Purpose of Theatre Essay Write a short essay that defines and explains what you believe to be the purpose of theatre.Clearly state your thesis on the purpose of theatre in the introduction (2.5 pts.)Cite three pieces of textual evidence from a play(s) read/viewed this unit to supportyour thesis and explain and/or relate the evidence to your thesis (5 pts. each; 15 pts. total)Summarize/review your evidence and restate of your thesis in the conclusion (2.5 pts.)Use appropriate spelling and grammar which does not significantly hinder the reader (5 pts.) EVERYMAN
by
Anonymous
EVERYMAN
Here beginneth a treatise how the High Father of
Heaven sendeth death to summon every creature to
come and give account of their lives in this world,
and is in manner of a moral play.
MESSENGER
I pray you all, give your audience,
And hear this matter with reverence,
By figure of a moral play.
The Summoning of Everyman called it is,
That of our lives and ending shows
How transitory we be all day.
This matter is wondrous precious
But the meaning of it is more gracious
And sweet to bear away.
The story saith: Man, in the beginning
Look well and take good heed to the ending,
Be you never so gay!
Ye think sin in the beginning full sweet,
Which in the end causeth the soul to weep
When the body lieth in clay.
Here shall you see how Fellowship and Jollity,
Both Strength, Pleasure and Beauty,
Will fade from thee as flower in May;
For ye shall hear how our heavenly King
Calleth Everyman to a general reckoning.
Give audience and hear what He doth say.
GOD
I perceive, here in My majesty,
How that all creatures be to Me unkind,
Living without dread in worldly prosperity.
Of ghostly sight the people be so blind,
Drowned in sin, they know Me not for God.
In worldly riches is all their mind;
They fear not My righteousness, the sharp rod;
My love that I showed when I for them died
They forget clean, and shedding of my blood red;
I hanged between two, it cannot be denied;
To get them life I suffered to be dead;
I healed their feet: with thorns hurt was My head.
I could no more than I did, truly.
And now I see the people do clean forsake Me.
They use the seven deadly sins damnable,
As pride, covetise, wrath and lechery,
Now in the world be made commendable;
And thus they leave of angels, the heavenly company.
(MORE)
EVERYMAN 2
GOD (CONT’D)
Every man liveth so after his own pleasure,
And yet of their life they be nothing sure.
I see the more that I them forbear,
The worse they be from year to year.
All that liveth declineth fast,
Therefore I will in all haste
Have a reckoning of every man’s person;
For, if I leave the people thus alone
In their life and wicked tempests,
Verily they will become much worse than beasts;
For now one would by envy another eat up;
Charity they do all clean forget.
I hoped well that every man
In My glory should make his mansion,
And thereto I had them all elect;
But now I see, like traitors deject,
They thank Me not for the pleasure that I to them meant,
Nor yet for their being that I them have lent;
I proffered the people great multitude of mercy.
And few there be that ask it heartily;
They be so cumbered with worldly riches,
That needs on them I must do justice,
On every man living without fear.
Where art thou, Death, thou mighty messenger?
DEATH enters.
DEATH
Almighty God, I am here at Your will,
Your commandment to fulfill.
GOD
Go thou to Everyman,
And show him in My name
A pilgrimage he must on him take,
Which he in no wise may escape;
And that he bring with him a sure reckoning
Without delay or any tarrying.
DEATH
Lord, I will in the world go run over all,
And cruelly out-search both great and small;
Every man will I beset that liveth beastly,
Against God’s laws, and dreadeth not folly:
He that loveth riches I will strike with my dart,
His sight to blind, and from heaven to depart,
Except that alms be his good friend,
In hell for to dwell, world without end.
(Enter EVERYMAN)
(MORE)
EVERYMAN 3
DEATH (CONT’D)
Lo, yonder I see Everyman walking:
Full little he thinketh on my coming:
His mind is on fleshly lusts and his treasure;
And great pain it shall cause him to endure
Before the Lord, heaven’s King.
Everyman, stand still; whither art thou going
Thus gaily? hast thou thy Maker forgot?
EVERYMAN
Why askest thou? Wouldest thou wit?
DEATH
Yea, sir, I will show you; in great haste I am sent to thee
From God out of His majesty.
EVERYMAN
What! sent to me?
DEATH
Yea, certainly:
Though thou hast forgot Him here,
He thinketh on thee in the heavenly sphere;
As, ere we depart, thou shalt know.
EVERYMAN
What desireth God of me?
DEATH
That shall I show thee;
A reckoning He will needs have
Without any longer respite.
EVERYMAN
To give a reckoning longer leisure I crave;
This blind matter troubleth my wit.
DEATH
On thee thou must take a long journey,
Therefore thy book of count with thee thou bring,
For turn again thou cannot by no way:
And look thou be sure of thy reckoning;
For before God thou shalt answer and show
Thy many bad deeds, and good but a few,
How thou hast spent thy life, and in what wise,
Before the Chief Lord of Paradise.
Have ado that we were in that way,
For, wit thou well, thou shalt make none attorney.
EVERYMAN 4
EVERYMAN
Full unready I am such reckoning to give:
I know thee not; what messenger art thou?
DEATH
I am Death, who no man dreadeth;
For every man I arrest, and no man spare,
For it is God’s commandment
That all to me should be obedient.
EVERYMAN
O Death, thou comest, when I had thee least in mind;
In thy power it lieth me to save;
Yet of my good will I give thee, if you wilt be kind,
Yea, a thousand pounds shalt thou have,
If thou defer this matter till another day.
DEATH
Everyman, it may not be by no way;
I set naught by gold, silver, nor riches,
Nor by pope, emperor, king, duke, nor princes;
For, if I would receive gifts great,
All the world I might get;
But my custom is clean contrary;
I give thee no respite; come hence, and not tarry.
EVERYMAN
Alas! shall I have no longer respite?
I may say Death giveth no warning:
To think on thee it maketh my heart sick;
For all unready is my book of reckoning:
But, for twelve years, if I might have abiding,
My counting book I would make so clear,
That my reckoning I should not need to fear.
Wherefore, Death, I pray thee for God’s mercy,
Spare me, till I be provided of remedy.
DEATH
Thee availeth not to cry, weep, and pray:
But haste thee lightly, that thou wert gone that journey;
And prove thy friends, if thou can;
For, wit thou well, the tide abideth no man,
And in the world each living creature
For Adam’s sin must die of nature.
EVERYMAN 5
EVERYMAN
Death, if I should this pilgrimage take,
And my reckoning surely make,
Show me, for Saint Charity,
Should I not come again shortly?
DEATH
No, Everyman, if thou be once there,
Thou mayest never more come here,
Trust me verily.
EVERYMAN
O gracious God, in the high seat celestial,
Have mercy on me in this most need!
Shall I have no company from this vale terrestrial
Of mine acquaintance, that way me to lead?
DEATH
Yea, if any be so hardy,
That would go with thee, and bear thee company:
Hie thee that thou wert gone to God’s magnificence,
Thy reckoning to give before His presence.
What, thoughtest thou thy life is given thee,
And thy worldly goods also?
EVERYMAN
I had thought so verily.
DEATH
Nay, nay; it was but lent thee;
For, as soon as thou art gone,
Another awhile shall have it, and then go therefrom,
Even as thou hast done.
Everyman, thou art mad, thou hast thy wits five,
And here on earth wilt not amend thy life;
For suddenly I do come.
EVERYMAN
O wretched caitiff, whither shall I flee,
That I might escape this endless sorrow!
Now, gentle Death, spare me till to-morrow,
That I may amend me
With good advisement.
DEATH
Nay, thereto I will not consent,
Nor no man will I respite;
(MORE)
EVERYMAN 6
DEATH (CONT’D)
But to the heart suddenly I shall smite
Without any advisement.
And now out of thy sight I will me hie;
See thou make thee ready shortly,
For thou mayest say, this is the day
That no man living may escape away.
DEATH goes out.
EVERYMAN
Alas! I may well weep with sighs deep:
Now have I no manner of company
To help me in my journey, and me to keep;
And also my writing is full unready.
How shall I do now for to excuse me!
I would to God I had never been begot;
To my soul a full great profit it had been,
For now I fear pains huge and great.
The time passeth: Lord, help, Who all wrought!
For though I mourn, it availeth nought:
The day passeth, and is almost ago;
I wot not well what for to do.
To whom were I best my complaint to make?
What, if I to Fellowship thereof spake,
And showed him of this sudden chance!
For in him is all mine affiance.
(Enter FELLOWSHIP)
We have in the world so many a day
Been good friends in sport and play.
I see him yonder certainly;
I trust that he will bear me company;
Therefore to him will I speak to ease my sorrow,
Well met, good Fellowship, and good morrow.
FELLOWSHIP
Everyman, good morrow, by this day:
Sir, why lookest thou so piteously?
If anything be amiss, I pray thee, me say,
That I may help to remedy.
EVERYMAN
Yea, good Fellowship, yea;
I am in great jeopardy.
FELLOWSHIP
My true friend, show to me your mind;
I will not forsake thee, to my life’s end,
In the way of good company.
EVERYMAN 7
EVERYMAN
That was well spoken and lovingly.
Sir, I
I have
If any
Though
Though
must
pity
have
I on
that
FELLOWSHIP
needs know your heaviness;
to see you in any distress:
you wronged, ye shall revenged be,
the ground be slain for thee;
I know before that I should die.
EVERYMAN
Verily, Fellowship, gramercy.
FELLOWSHIP
Tush, by thy thanks I set not a straw;
Show me thy grief, and say no more.
EVERYMAN
If I my heart should to you break,
And then you should turn your mind from me,
And would not me comfort, when ye hear me speak,
Then should I ten times sorrier be.
FELLOWSHIP
Sir, I say as I will do in deed.
EVERYMAN
Then be you a good friend at need;
I have found you true here-before.
FELLOWSHIP
And so ye shall evermore;
For in faith, if thou go to hell,
I will not forsake thee by the way.
EVERYMAN
Ye speak like a good friend, I believe you well;
I shall deserve it, if I may.
FELLOWSHIP
I speak of no deserving, by this day;
For he that will say and nothing do,
Is not worthy with good company to go:
Therefore show me the grief of your mind,
As to your friend most loving and kind.
EVERYMAN 8
EVERYMAN
I shall show you how it is:
Commanded I am to go a journey,
A long way, hard and dangerous;
And give a strait account without delay
Before the High Judge Adonai;
Wherefore, I pray you, bear me company,
As ye have promised in this journey.
FELLOWSHIP
That is matter indeed; promise is duty;
But, if I should take such a voyage on me,
I know it well, it should be to my pain:
Also it makes me afraid certain.
But let us take counsel here as well as we can,
For your words would fear a strong man.
EVERYMAN
Why, ye said if I had need,
Ye would me never forsake quick nor dead,
Though it were to hell truly.
FELLOWSHIP
So I said certainly;
But such pleasures be set aside, the sooth to say,
And also if ye took such a journey,
When should we come again?
EVERYMAN
Nay, never again till the day of doom.
FELLOWSHIP
In faith, then will not I come there:
Who hath you these tidings brought?
EVERYMAN
Indeed, Death was with me here.
FELLOWSHIP
Now, by God that all hath bought,
If Death were the messenger,
For no man that is living to-day
I will not go that loath journey,
Not for the father that begat me.
EVERYMAN
Ye promised otherwise, pardy.
EVERYMAN 9
FELLOWSHIP
I wot well I said so truly,
And yet if thou wilt eat and drink, and make good cheer,
Or haunt to women the lusty company,
I would not forsake you, while the day is clear,
Trust me verily.
EVERYMAN
Yea, thereto ye would be ready;
To go to mirth, solace and play,
Your mind will sooner apply
Than to bear me company in my long journey.
FELLOWSHIP
Now, in good faith, I will not that way;
But, if thou will murder, or any man kill,
In that I will help thee with a good will.
EVERYMAN
Oh, that is a simple advice indeed:
Gentle Fellowship, help me in my necessity;
We have loved long, and now I need,
And now, gentle Fellowship, remember me.
FELLOWSHIP
Whether ye have loved me or no,
By Saint John, I will not with thee go.
EVERYMAN
Yet, I pray thee, take the labor, and do so much for me,
To bring me forward, for Saint Charity,
And comfort me, till I come without the town.
FELLOWSHIP
Nay, if thou wouldst give me a new gown,
I will not a foot with thee go;
But, if thou hadst tarried, I would not have left thee so:
And as now God speed thee in thy journey!
For from thee I will depart, as fast as I may.
EVERYMAN
Whither away, Fellowship? wilt thou forsake me?
FELLOWSHIP
Yea, by my fay; to God I commend thee.
EVERYMAN 10
EVERYMAN
Farewell, good Fellowship; for thee my heart is sore:
Adieu for ever, I shall see thee no more.
FELLOWSHIP
In faith, Everyman, farewell now at the end;
For you I will remember parting is mourning.
FELLOWSHIP goes out.
EVERYMAN
Alack! shall we thus depart indeed,
O Lady, help! without any more comfort,
Lo, Fellowship forsaketh me in my most need:
For help in this world whither shall I resort?
Fellowship here before with me would merry make;
And now little sorrow for me doth he take.
It is said, in prosperity men friends may find,
Which in adversity be full unkind.
Now whither for succour shall I flee,
Since Fellowship hath forsaken me?
To my kinsmen I will truly,
Praying them to help me in my necessity;
I believe that they will do so;
For kind will creep, where it may not go.
I will go try; for yonder I see them go:
Where be ye now, my friends and kinsmen lo?
KINDRED and COUSIN enter.
KINDRED
Here be we now at your commandment:
Cousin, I pray thee, show us your intent
In any wise, and do not spare.
COUSIN
Yea, Everyman, and to us declare
If ye be disposed to go any whither;
For, wot ye well, we will live and die together.
KINDRED
In wealth and woe we will with you hold,
For over his kin a man may be bold.
EVERYMAN
Gramercy, my friends and kinsmen kind,
Now shall I show you the grief of my mind.
(MORE)
EVERYMAN 11
EVERYMAN (CONT’D)
I was commanded by a messenger,
That is an high king’s chief officer;
He bade me go on pilgrimage to my pain,
But I know well I shall never come again:
Also I must give a reckoning strait;
For I have a great enemy that hath me in wait,
Which intendeth me for to hinder.
KINDRED
What account is that which ye must render?
That would I know.
EVERYMAN
Of all my works I must show,
How I have lived, and my days spent;
Also of ill deeds that I have used
In my time since life was me lent,
And of all virtues that I have refused:
Therefore, I pray you, go thither with me
To help to make mine account, for Saint Charity.
COUSIN
What, to go thither? Is that the matter?
Nay, Everyman, I had liever fast bread and water,
All this five year and more.
EVERYMAN
Alas, that ever I was bore!
For now shall I never be merry,
If that you forsake me.
KINDRED
Ah, sir! what, ye be a merry man!
Take good heart to you, and make no moan.
But one thing I warn you, by Saint Anne,
As for me, ye shall go alone.
EVERYMAN
My cousin, will you not with me go?
COUSIN
No, by our lady, I have a cramp in my toe:
Trust not to me; for, so God me speed,
I will deceive you in your most need.
KINDRED
It availeth not us to entice;
Ye shall have my maid with all my heart;
(MORE)
EVERYMAN 12
KINDRED (CONT’D)
She loveth to go to feasts, there to be nice,
And to dance, and abroad to start:
I will give her leave to help you in that journey,
If that you and she may agree.
EVERYMAN
No, show me the very effect of your mind;
Will you go with me, or abide behind?
KINDRED
Abide behind! yea, that will I, if I may;
Therefore farewell till another day.
KINDRED goes out.
EVERYMAN
How should I be merry or glad?
For fair promises men to me make;
But, when I have most need, they me forsake;
I am deceived, that maketh me sad.
COUSIN
Cousin Everyman, farewell now;
For verily I will not go with you:
Also of mine own life an unready reckoning
I have to account, therefore I make tarrying;
Now God keep thee, for now I go.
COUSIN goes out.
EVERYMAN
Ah, Jesu, is all come hereto?
Lo, fair words make fools fain;
They promise, and nothing will do certain.
My kinsmen promised me faithfully,
For to abide with me steadfastly;
And now fast away do they flee:
Even so Fellowship promised me.
What friend were best me now to provide?
I lose my time here longer to abide;
Yet in my mind a thing there is:
All my life I have loved riches;
If that my Goods now help me might,
It would make my heart full light:
I will speak to him in this distress:
Where art thou, my Goods and Riches?
GOODS enters.
EVERYMAN 13
GOODS
Who calleth me? Everyman? what, hast thou haste?
I lie here in corners trussed and piled so high,
And in chests I am locked fast,
Also sacked in bags, thou mayest see with thine eye,
I cannot stir; in packs, lo, where I lie!
What would ye have, lightly me say.
EVERYMAN
Come hither, Goods, in all the haste thou may;
For of counsel I must desire thee.
GOODS
Sir, if ye in the world have sorrow or adversity,
That can I help you to remedy shortly.
EVERYMAN
It is another disease that grieveth me;
In this world it is not, I tell thee so,
I am sent for another way to go,
To give a strait account general
Before the highest Jupiter of all:
And all my life I have had joy and pleasure in thee,
Therefore I pray thee, go with me;
For, peradventure, thou mayest before God Almighty
My reckoning help to clean and purify,
For it is said ever among,
That money maketh all right that is wrong.
GOODS
Nay, Everyman, I sing another song;
I follow no man in such voyages,
For, if I went with thee,
Thou shouldest fare much the worse for me:
For because on me thou didst set thy mind,
Thy reckoning I have made blotted and blind,
That thine account thou cannot make truly;
And that hast thou for the love of me.
EVERYMAN
That would grieve me full sore,
When I should come to that fearful answer:
Up, and let us go thither together.
GOODS
Nay, not so; I am too brittle, I may not endure:
I will follow no man on foot, be ye sure.
EVERYMAN 14
EVERYMAN
Alas! I have thee loved, and had great pleasure
All my life-days on my goods and treasure.
GOODS
That is to thy damnation, without lying,
For my love is contrary to the love everlasting;
But if thou had me loved moderately during,
As to the poor given part of me,
Then shouldest thou not in this dolour have been,
Nor in this great sorrow and care.
EVERYMAN
Lo, now was I deceived, ere I was aware,
And all, I may see, mis-spending of time.
GOODS
What, thinkest thou that I am thine?
EVERYMAN
I had thought so.
GOODS
Nay, Everyman, I say no:
As for a while I was lent thee;
A season thou hast had me in prosperity;
My condition is man’s soul to kill;
If I save one, a thousand I do spill:
Deemest thou that I will follow thee?
Nay, not from this world, verily.
EVERYMAN
I had thought otherwise.
GOODS
Therefore to thy soul Goods is a thief,
For when thou art dead, this is my guise,
Another to deceive in the same wise,
As I have done thee, and all to his soul’s grief.
EVERYMAN
O false Goods, cursed mayst thou be,
Thou traitor to God, thou hast deceived me,
And caught me in thy snare.
EVERYMAN 15
GOODS
Marry, thou broughtst thyself in care,
Whereof I am right glad:
I must needs laugh, I cannot be sad.
EVERYMAN
Ah, Goods, thou hast had long my hearty love;
I gave thee that which should be the Lord’s above:
But wilt thou not go with me indeed?
I pray thee truth to say.
GOODS
No, so God me speed;
Therefore farewell, and have a good day.
GOODS goes out.
EVERYMAN
Oh, to whom shall I make my moan,
For to go with me in that heavy journey?
First Fellowship said he would with me go;
His words were very pleasant and gay,
But afterwards he left me alone.
Then spake I to m kinsmen all in despair,
And also they gave me words fair,
They lacked no fair speaking;
But all forsake me in the ending.
Then went I to my Goods that I loved best,
In hope to have found comfort; but there had I least:
For my Goods sharply did me tell,
That he bringeth many in hell.
Then of myself I was ashamed,
And so I am worthy to be blamed:
Thus may I well myself hate.
Of whom shall I now counsel take?
I think that I shall never speed,
Till that I go to my Good Deed;
But, alas! she is so weak,
That she can neither go nor speak:
Yet will I venture on her now.
My Good Deeds, where be you?
GOOD DEEDS enters.
EVERYMAN 16
GOOD DEEDS
Here I lie cold in the ground;
That …
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