BUS 119 WK4 Ashford Principles of Personal Organizational Leadership Week 4 – Discussion 1 Prior to beginning work on this discussion, read Chapter 10 fro

BUS 119 WK4 Ashford Principles of Personal Organizational Leadership Week 4 – Discussion 1

Prior to beginning work on this discussion, read Chapter 10 from Introduction to Leadership: Concepts and Practice.Additionally, read the Week 4 Weekly Lecture.

One way to engage out-group members is to empower them. Describe what empowering means to you. How do you see your own competencies in the area of empowerment? What keeps you from empowering others? Explain.

Week 4 – Discussion 2

Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of different styles of approaching conflict. Which approach do you use? Give an example of why you used this approach. BUS 119 – Principles of
Personal &
Organizational
Leadership
Overview – Suggested and Required Actions for this week
•
Read Chapters 9, 10 & 11 in your text book
•
2 Discussion Questions – Original Posts – Due by Thursday, 11:59 pm
•
Journal – Due by Sunday, 11:59 pm
•
Respond to at least 2 classmates for each question – Due by Monday, 11:59 pm
•
Assignment – Due by Monday, 11:59 pm
Northouse, P. G. (2018). Introduction to leadership:
Concepts and practice (4 ed.). Retrieved from
https://content.ashford.edu/
This textbook is a
ConstellationTM course digital
materials (CDM) title
This week students will
1.
Assess the influence of out-groups on organizations and
leadership.
2. Compare and contrast approaches to conflict as a leader.
3. Apply concepts of diversity and inclusion in the organizational
settings.
Due Date
Format
Grading %
Day 3 (1st post)
Discussion
2
Day 7
Discussion
Part of 2
above
Day 3 (1st post)
Discussion
2
Respond to at least 2 classmates’
posts
Day 7
Discussion
Part of 2
above
Week 4 Journal
Day 6
Quiz
6
Out-Group and Diversity
Assignment
Day 7
7 to 10 pages
8
Activity
Read Chapters 9, 10 & 11
Out-Group
Respond to at least 2 classmates’
posts
Conflict
CHAPTER 9 – DIVERSITY & INCLUSION
Multiple definitions of DIVERSITY:
• The mixture of races, genders, or religions that make up a group of
people
• The collective amount of differences among members within a social unit
(Harrison and Sin, 2006)
• Representation of multiple groups of individuals with different identities
and cultures within a group or organization (Ferdman, 2014)
• Policies and practices that are designed to include people who are
different in some way from the traditional group members (Herring and
Henderson, 2015)
• Diversity also addresses issues of parity, equity, and inequality.
(Northouse, 2018)
CHAPTER 9 – DIVERSITY & INCLUSION
Generational differences in defining diversity
• Millennials see diversity as the mixing of different backgrounds and
perspectives within a group.
• Boomers and Gen-Xers see diversity as a process of fairness and
protection for all group members regardless of gender, race, religion,
ethnicity, or sexual orientation.
(Northouse, 2018)
KEY TERMS – CHAPTER 9 – DIMENSIONS
Primary Dimensions
Age
Secondary Dimensions
Geographic Location
Gender
Military and Work Experience
Race
Family Status
Mental and Physical
Abilities
Ethnicity
Income
Sexual Orientation
Education, First Language, Organizational Role and Level,
Communication and Work Style
(Northouse, 2018)
Religion
You may be asked to use these terms in
Discussion Board responses or your
assignment for the week.
CHAPTER 9 – DIVERSITY & INCLUSION
• All people are valued and respected.
• Groups (not just individuals) who share a
minority identity are respected.
• Metaphor: Diversity is about being invited to
the party; inclusion is about being asked to
dance.
(Northouse, 2018)
CHAPTER 9 – DIVERSITY & INCLUSION
• Diversity plays a seminal role in effective leadership.
• Diversity focuses on recognizing differences and inclusion
is concerned with embracing those differences.
• Historical development of workplace diversity in the U.S.
has emerged over three periods.
• The Inclusion Framework shows the interaction between
an individual’s level of belongingness and uniqueness.
• Inclusion travels from the societal level down to the
individual level and back up to societal.
(Northouse, 2018)
CHAPTER 10 – OUT-GROUPS
In groups – a collection of individuals that accept and adhere to the beliefs,
norms, values, and other expected behavior patterns of the group
Out-groups – (1) all individuals, and groups of individuals, who do not fit in the
in group (2) – all individuals and groups not under the immediate control of
the leader
(Northouse, 2018)
CHAPTER 10 – OUT-GROUPS
When dealing with out-groups leaders should:
Listen to out-group members
Empathize with out-group members
Recognize the unique contributions of out-group members
Ensure out-group members feel included
Create special a relationship with out-group members
Give out-group members a voice and empower them to act
(Northouse, 2018)
HANDLING CONFLICT
Conflict can be rooted in two major dimensions
Content Dimension
objective
resources
procedures
substance of the goal itself
Relationship Dimension
Issues of Esteem
Issues of Control
Issues of Affiliation
(Northouse, 2018)
HANDLING CONFLICT
Approaches:
Fisher and Ury – Principled Negotiation
Separate the people from the problem
Focus on interests not positions
Invent options for mutual gains
Insist on using objective criteria
(Northouse, 2018)
HANDLING CONFLICT (CONTINUED)
Approaches:
Communication Strategies
Differentiation
Fractionation
Face Saving
(Northouse, 2018)
HANDLING CONFLICT (CONTINUED)
Approaches:
Kilmann and Thomas
Avoidance
Competition
Accommodation
Compromise
Collaboration
(Northouse, 2018)
KEY TERMS – CHAPTER 9
Term
Assimilation
Differentiation
Diversity
Ethnocentrism
Inclusion
Definition
Focused on the process of making people from diverse
cultures come together to create one American culture
An interaction process that occurs in the early phase of
conflict that helps participants define the nature of the
conflict and clarify their positions with regard to each
other
About variety or difference
The tendency for individuals to place their own group
(ethnic, racial, or cultural) at the center of their
observations of others and the world
The process of incorporating differing individuals into a
group or organization
(Northouse, 2018)
You may be asked to use these terms in
Discussion Board responses or your
assignment for the week.
KEY TERMS – CHAPTER 9
Term
Melting Pot
Pluralism
Prejudice
Privilege
Definition
A metaphor for a blending of many into one, or a
heterogeneous society becoming homogeneous
The recognition that people of different cultures did not
need to sacrifice their own traditions and values to
become a part of one society
A largely fixed attitude, belief, or emotion held by an
individual about another individual or group that is
based on faulty or unsubstantiated data
An advantage held by a person or group that is based on
age, race, ethnicity, gender, class, or some other cultural
dimension, which gives those who have it power over
those who don’t
(Northouse, 2018)
You may be asked to use these terms in
Discussion Board responses or your
assignment for the week.
KEY TERMS – CHAPTER 9
Term
Stereotype
Systemic Discrimination
Definition
A fixed belief held by an individual that classifies a group
of people with a similar characteristic as alike
Occurs when patterns of discriminatory behavior,
policies, or practices become a part of an organization
and continue to perpetuate disadvantage to those being
discriminated against
(Northouse, 2018)
You may be asked to use these terms in
Discussion Board responses or your
assignment for the week.
KEY TERMS – CHAPTER 10
Term
Empathy
Leader-member
Exchange Theory
Listening
Out-group Members
Social Identity Theory
Definition
a process in which an individual suspends his or her own
feelings in an effort to fully understand the feelings of
another individual
conceptualizes leadership as a process that is centered
on the interactions between leaders and followers
paying attention to what people say while being
attentive to what people mean
individuals in a group or an organization who do not
identify themselves as part of the larger group, and who
are disconnected and not fully engaged in working
toward the goals of the group
explains why and how individuals identify with particular
social groups and how these identifications affect their
behavior
(Northouse, 2018)
You may be asked to use these terms in
Discussion Board responses or your
assignment for the week.
KEY TERMS – CHAPTER 11
Term
Definition
Accommodation an unassertive but cooperative conflict style that requires individuals
to attend very closely to the needs of others and ignore their own
needs
Avoidance
a conflict style that is both unassertive and uncooperative, and
characterized by individuals being passive and ignoring conflict
situations rather than confronting them directly
Collaboration
a conflict style that requires both assertiveness and cooperation and
occurs when both parties agree to a positive settlement to the
conflict and attend fully to the other’s concerns while not sacrificing
or suppressing their own
Competition
a conflict style of individuals who are highly assertive about pursuing
their own goals but uncooperative in assisting others to reach their
goals
(Northouse, 2018)
You may be asked to use these terms in Discussion
Board responses or your assignment for the week.
KEY TERMS – CHAPTER 11 (CONTINUED)
Term
Compromise
Conflict
Conflict style
Content
Conflicts
Content
Dimension
Differentiation
Definition
a conflict style that involves both a degree of assertiveness and a
degree of cooperativeness
a felt struggle between two or more interdependent individuals over
perceived incompatible differences in beliefs, values, and goals, or
over differences in desires for esteem, control, and connectedness
a patterned response or behavior that people use when
approaching conflict
involve struggles between leaders and others who differ on issues
such as policies and procedures
involves the objective, observable aspects of communication
an interaction process that occurs in the early phase of conflict that
helps participants define the nature of the conflict and clarify their
positions with regard to each other
(Northouse, 2018)
You may be asked to use these terms in Discussion Board
responses or your assignment for the week.
KEY TERMS – CHAPTER 11 (CONTINUED)
Term
face saving
fractionation
principled
negotiation
relational
conflicts
relationship
dimension
Definition
communicative attempts to establish or maintain one’s self-image or
another’s self-image in response to threat
the technique of breaking down large conflicts into smaller, more
manageable pieces
an approach to conflict that decides issues on their merits rather than
through competitive haggling or through excessive accommodation
refer to the differences we feel between ourselves and others
concerning how we relate to each other
refers to the participants’ perceptions of their connection to one
another
(Northouse, 2018)
You may be asked to use these terms in Discussion Board
responses or your assignment for the week.
REFERENCES
Northouse, P. G. (2018). Introduction to leadership: Concepts and practice (4
ed.). Retrieved from https://content.ashford.edu/
RECOMMENDED READINGS
Chapter 9
Cultural exposure, emotional intelligence, and cultural intelligence: An
exploratory study
Inclusion, Diversity and Leadership: Perspectives, Possibilities and Contradictions
The Importance of Inclusion
Understanding Diversity
RECOMMENDED READINGS
Chapter 10
Dealing with Out-Groups
Dealing With Difficult People
In-Groups and Out-Groups
Social Identity Theory
Leader-Member Exchange Theory
Chapter 11
Types of Conflict
Leading Without Controlling
Conflict Resolution
RECOMMENDED VIEWINGS
Chapter 9
Moving Beyond an Exclusionary Culture
Assimilation
Benefits of Diverse Leadership
Challenges for Women in Leadership
Feeling Safe
RECOMMENDED VIEWINGS
Chapter 10
Abraham Lincoln
Chapter 11
How to Handle Conflict
Let the Other Person Save Face
Change the Conversation
STILL HAVE QUESTIONS
ON ACADEMIC WRITING
OR APA FORMATTING?
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QUESTIONS?
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post your
questions
in the Ask
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instructor
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