Ashford University Week 1 Socialism and Communism Discussion Answer the 2 question below and reply to each student. Student Reply must be over 150 words.

Ashford University Week 1 Socialism and Communism Discussion Answer the 2 question below and reply to each student.

Student Reply must be over 150 words.

Make sure all student replies you start it with Hello (Student Name),

Attached Grading Rubric for question 3

Question 1:

Discuss all of the following questions using examples from the text and providing your own original analysis:

How are socialism and communism alike? How are they different?
What accounted for the rising popularity of both Socialist and Communist ideals?
How did strike actions affect European societies during this period?
What did the average European think of socialism and communism?
What role did socialism and communism play in the First World War?
What effect did socialism and communism have on European society during this period?

Student Reply 1:Olanda Bailey

Discussion 1, week 1

How are socialism and communism alike? How are they different? The difference between Communism and Socialism is where socialism allows citizens to share resources, while communism enables the state to own and control goods and services. Socialism prefers a person’s efforts, and communism takes into account an individual’s needs. Both philosophies are alike in the fact that pushes for public ownership.

What accounted for the rising popularity of both Socialist and Communist ideals? The rise of socialism was caused mainly due to how the industrial revolution affected the lives of the working class. The increase of urbanization caused many working-class people to live in tight, unsanitary spaces that took years to build immunity ( Shubert, 2012). Communist ideas grew out of the rise of socialism to combat the class system.

How did strike actions affect European societies during this period? The scale of strikes and the number of participates grew as the anti-socialist laws ended. Strike actions affected the working class the most because many workers lost their lives during the altercations. “During the suppression of widespread strikes between 1897-1898, and estimated 51 workers were killed, 114 were wounded, and jail terms totaling almost 200 years were handed down” (Shubert, 2012).

What did the average European think of socialism and communism? The average European thought that the two philosophies would make everyone’s lives better, no mater their social status. Unfortunately, it caused even more restrictions.

What role did socialism and communism play in the First World War? Both played philosophies played a small part in the first world war and had very little to do with the beginning or end of the war. However, as Russia was losing the fight against Germany, both communist and socialist helped overthrow Tsar’s rule.

What effect did socialism and communism have on European society during this period? Socialism affected European societies by promoting more equality between the community, including private ownership; however, it did not promote economic growth in the long run. The introduction of communism was to combat socialism. Although its goal was to get rid of the class system, it lacked efficiency because it promoted private ownership. There was no free market.

Reference page:

Shubert, A. & Goldstein, R.J. (2012). Twentieth-century Europe [Electronic version]. Retrieved from https://content.ashford.edu/

Student Reply 2: Leandro

Socialism, a movement that grew from theoretical propositions put forth by Karl Marx, forecasts that the progress of a nation lies in the hands of the working class. Socialism believes that individual citizens, particularly the working classes, have the right, if not duty, to own and carry out their own progress, however the results of the progress are owned communally and dealt out democratically through governmental management.

Through Communism, no individual owns anything, property or product. All of society is considered “communally owned” while the use and division of all property, decisions, and opportunity in a Nation are decided by a strong dictatorial government.

Socialism sees a division of subsistence as it relates to the measure a citizen contributes to its shared existence thereby rewarding social contribution. While Communism sees a dictatorial allocation of wealth as the government itself deems best not as necessity or achievement dictate. In communism, the government has complete autonomy to dictate national policy and practice while citizens’ rights are perceived through limited guided choices that are arranged by the dictatorship.

Popularity for Socialism and Communism arose from a combination of new research into Social Science popularized by vocal and highly accepted theorists such as Karl Marx. As middle-class liberals verbally called for improved conditions and social services during the urbanization, local governments answered the call. Theories that a working class could rise up for governmental and national reform appealed to the growing ranks of this class at the time. While actions of strikes were intended as a working classes’ ability to gain power over discrimination in the work place and growing upper classes, as a revolutionary action strikes were met with governmental force creating further tensions in social ranks. While strikes were the social movement of unions, they became an outlet to display the greater strength of government militia.

The average Europeans likely viewed democracy and capitalism as a means that saw the bourgeoise class growing in affluence and position. Socialism and communism depicted the rise of the working class and was seen as plan that this weaker, but growing working class could elevate their voice and conditions in society.

Socialism and communism ultimately were ideologies embodied by social groups that can be attributed to nationalistic actions as a result of ethnic divisions. Dissatisfaction in ethnic and social inequalities throughout Europe was only exacerbated by the growing population rallying behind socialist ideals. These ideologies impacted European society by creating popularity of social reform, encouraging questioning the validity and usefulness of previous social thought from art to government to social order. Exploration and experimentation in music, social theory and even science became more wide spread.

(Shubert & Goldstein, 2012)

References

Shubert, A. & Goldstein, R.J. (2012). Twentieth-century Europe [Electronic version]. Retrieved from https://content.ashford.edu/

Question 2:

Discuss all of the following questions using examples from the text and providing your own original analysis:

What were the causes of the First World War?
What role did Empire and Imperialism play in the First World War?
What was life like for soldiers in the trenches?
How was it similar for soldiers from opposing sides?
How was it different?
In a war characterized by attrition and the vicious nature of modern warfare, one where scores were killed and wounded daily, why did soldiers continue to fight rather than surrender or desert their posts?
What was the role of women in the war effort?
How did the First World War end?
What effect did the war have on European society and culture?

Student Reply 3: Heather

Population growth in Europe was a cause of WWI, it caused the migration of Poles, Italians Spanish, and French, all moving around to other countries which gave labor to immigrants instead of the nationalist. Another cause was the working situations, women started to go to work in factories as they began to become more popular. These were just the tip of things changing that played a role in leading to WWI.

Another contributor to WWI was the constant changing or fighting to control other land and people, or imperialism. Britain, Germany, Russia, and even the United States at some points were wanting to have empires, and the changing of hands, and reestablishing empires was causing discomfort throughout Europe. This was starting to cause small wars between two countries at a time, as they fought over African lands.

Life for soldiers in the trenches was not a happy place. There was constant death and decay in the trenches. Soldiers watched one another die while being able to do nothing but wait to see if they were next. Often disease, starvation, and the elements of the weather, and rats, all factors they had to deal with not to mention the onslaught of the enemy’s fire. The trenches were no place anyone wanted to be stuck in, on any side of the war as both were facing the same struggles.

No matter how many lives were lost or how long one was stuck in a stalemate soldiers continued to fight one because they wanted things to change at home. They needed their economies in their home countries to become more stable, they wanted to have and own land, to be able to eat and have medical attention and not be living in poverty. So they fought to have a better life, even when that meant the risk of death.

WWI had many differences from previous wars. It was dealing with women in men’s roles, preforming jobs that had only ever been completed by a man until WWI. Women began to work in offices and as nurses in the front lines. At home, they began to work as truck drivers, in ammunition plants, as well as in other factories. The women helped to keep the war efforts moving until it could be won.

The war ended with a series of events first Russia withdrew from the war requesting an armistice. Next Germany requested and armistices because things were so bad on the home front. This ended the war. Once the war was over the Paris Peace Conference took place to bestow peace upon the world.

Europe suffered a large number of casualties due to the war. They were also recovering from propaganda usage of atrocities that were announced worldwide often exaggerating the events that had taken place. Soldiers returning home from war were left with bodily injuries to heal as well as psychological injuries that often never healed. Things would never be the same for war or soldiers again after this war.

Resources:

Shubert, A. & Goldstein, R.J. (2012). Twentieth-century Europe [Electronic version]. Retrieved from https://content.ashford.edu/

Student Reply 4: Delilah

There were many factors that finally led to the first world war. First and foremost was the assassination of the Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria on June 28,1914. But before that, there had been unrest and growing dis-satisfaction among the Poles and Serbs in Germany and Austria-Hungary respectively who were tired of their inferior positions to Germans and wanted to be reunited with their brothers in independent Serbia. Add the growing division of Catholics, Christians, and growing antisemitism……and terrorism, it was just a matter of time before something had to give. By the time Austria got around to delivering the ultimatum to Serbia the war was already on..

In the beginning of the war there was excitement and pride and longing to join the fight to show off manhood and patriotism, these feelings would be short lived as the evenness of the battle took its toll on all parties involved. The prestige and valor were quick to fade as men and boys lay in trenches on top of, next to and under dead bodies and body parts. Even though soldiers would have deserted in a heartbeat, the punishment of almost certain death kept them at their post.

While all of this was transpiring women were essentially running the world so to speak, they were doing every job under the sun and then some and as the war came to an uneventful almost unnoticeable end, the League of Nations was born out of a need for a sort of checks and balances system to prevent another Great war. Link (Links to an external site.)

Shubert, A & Goldstein, R.J. (2012)