TUWF Proliferation Risks & Nuclear Safeguards Concerns Discussion 1. What are the proliferation risks and nuclear safeguards concerns associated with: a. M

TUWF Proliferation Risks & Nuclear Safeguards Concerns Discussion 1. What are the proliferation risks and nuclear safeguards concerns associated with: a. Mining and Milling, b. Conversion, c. Enrichment Discuss the types and quantities of materials typically involved with each aspect of the fuel cycle. Suppose you are to downblend 2 tonnes of HEU (93% U-235) for use as commercial reactor fuel with enrichment of 4.5% U-235. How much reactor fuel can be produced? The original HEU constitutes how many SQ? How many for the resultant reactor grade fuel? Show all your work. Compare the SWU requirement for producing 1 kg of HEU (93% U-235) from (a) natural uranium, (b) 19.9% enriched research reactor grade uranium. Compute the energy requirement to produce 1 SQ of said HEU by the centrifuge method. Reference typical value of energy required per kgSWU. Suppose Iran is operating an enrichment plant with 10,000 IR-1 type machines capable of 1.5kgSWU/year. What would be the breakout time for producing 1 SQ of HEU at 93% U235 from natural uranium? How does your answer change if you are feeding research reactor grade uranium (19.9% U235) instead of natural uranium? Define the term “breakout time”. Instructions: read and follow all instructions or your assignment may not be graded:
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• Put your name and page number on each and every sheet
• Use at least 1-inch margins all around.
• Type short answer questions, double spaced using minimum 12 pt font, Times Roman.
• As appropriate or required by the problem, cite all sources using complete references.
• As with any engineering solution, your handwritten solution must be legible, logical, and complete.
• For solving problems, work your problems by hand showing all your work. Clearly identify the
governing
equations, use and identify appropriate units for all quantities and variables, work the problem methodically
showing all work, and report intermediate values so that partial credit can be assigned.
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• As with any engineering solution, if you need to make an assumption, please do so by clearly stating that
assumption and providing appropriate justification for that assumption.
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• Scan your hand-written work to Adobe PDF or insert into MS Word document.
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with scanning and inserting into a document if that is your approach.
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email.
1. What are the proliferation risks and nuclear safeguards concerns associated with: a. Mining and
Milling, b. Conversion, c. Enrichment
Discuss the types and quantities of materials typically involved with each aspect of the fuel cycle.
2. Suppose you are to downblend 2 tonnes of HEU (93% U-235) for use as commercial reactor fuel
with enrichment of 4.5% U-235. How much reactor fuel can be produced? The original HEU
constitutes how many SQ? How many for the resultant reactor grade fuel? Show all your work.
3. Compare the SWU requirement for producing 1 kg of HEU (93% U-235) from (a) natural
uranium, (b) 19.9% enriched research reactor grade uranium. Compute the energy requirement to
produce 1 SQ of said HEU by the centrifuge method. Reference typical value of energy required
per kgSWU.
4. Suppose Iran is operating an enrichment plant with 10,000 IR-1 type machines capable of
1.5kgSWU/year. What would be the breakout time for producing 1 SQ of HEU at 93% U235
from natural uranium? How does your answer change if you are feeding research reactor grade
uranium (19.9% U235) instead of natural uranium? Define the term “breakout time”.
Rubric for grading each computational problem with points assessed for or related to:
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• Is all work shown and the solution legibly and logically developed? If the answer is “no” then the grade
is zero
automatically since the problem can’t be graded as given in the exam instructions and discussed in class. If
the
answer is “yes”, then continue grading.
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If the work and answer are determined to be plagiarized, then the grade is zero points assessed.
Are the correct governing equations clearly identified?
Are all referenced or assumed values given correctly with proper units?
Was the problem worked properly (e.g. correctly complete steps for a solution)?
If graphs or tables are required, properly label and title all parts with correct units additionally.
Did the student get the correct final answer with proper units given?
Is the problem free of conceptual errors?
Reminder: You are bound by the university’s honor code and may not receive
assistance in completing this assignment. It is your individual work.
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Rubric for essay and short answer questions with points assessed for or related to:
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• Is the answer typed and written in a professional and grammatically correct manner? If the answer is
“no” then the
grade is zero automatically since the problem can’t be graded as given in the exam instructions. If the
answer is
“yes”, then continue grading.
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• If the answer is determined to be plagiarized, then the grade is zero points assessed.
• Does the response address each of the key concepts identified for this problem?
• Correct explanation and exploration of the topic assigned
• Use and citation of sources provided in the course and additional required source(s)
• Grammar and readability
• Overall content and format including following directions in the assignment and any additions or
clarifications
made via Blackboard.
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• Is the answer free of conceptual errors?
Remember:
• In accordance with the syllabus, 75% of the grade for this assignment is based on performance related to the
assignment. The other 25% is for the self-assessment to come afterward.

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