The policies of Import-Substitution Industrialization and Neoliberalism

The midterm essay exam covers material from chapters 1-8 of

Required Texts:

Jackiewicz, E.L. and F.J. Bosco (2016). Placing Latin America: Contemporary Themes in Geography, 3rd edition.   Boulder: Rowman and Littlefield Publishers.

Neither outside sources or citations are needed. Just use the textbook for your answers, and put its ideas completely into your own words. You can title each essay if you wish, although titles are not required.

You must write 2 essays, answering both topics below.

Each essay must be 2-3 single-spaced pages in length, for a total of 4-6 single-spaced pages.

I ordered 5 pages so it will be 2 and half pages of each essays, Make sure it is  more than 2 pages of each essay.

Include both essays in one document, and submit one file only

GEOG 322                                                                             MIDTERM ESSAY EXAM

1. 1. The policies of both Import-Substitution Industrialization and Neoliberalism strongly influenced the urban geography of Latin America, but in profoundly different ways. First, differentiate between the two policies and then compare and contrast their effects on urban areas, including the distribution of cities as well as what is occurring within cities. Be sure to include ALL of the following terms/concepts in your answer: urban growth, overurbanization, urban primacy, informal sector (housing and employment), squatter settlements/favelas, privatization, gender and secondary cities. When using these terms, be sure they are put in If not, points will be deducted.

2. On p. 94, Klak states that “Sustainable Development has become a universal goal in recent years”. Discuss what is meant by sustainable development, both culturally and environmentally, followed by a discussion of how that goal is threatened or enabled by various activities within the region such as an expanding export economy, tourism in its various forms (be sure you incorporate at least 3 forms of tourism in this discussion), and drug production. Lastly, do you feel that the gradual transition away from neoliberalism would improve or deter the region’s sustainability efforts? Why (be as specific as possible)?

Each answer should be 2-3 pages, single-spaced. You must do both questions. Late assignments will NOT be accepted under any circumstances.