The Bullwhip Effect Manufacturers Impacted By COVID 19 Pandemic Research Paper For this assignment, I’m required to write a research paper about The Bullwh

The Bullwhip Effect Manufacturers Impacted By COVID 19 Pandemic Research Paper For this assignment, I’m required to write a research paper about The Bullwhip Effect. The area that I picked within Supply Chain is (Manufacturer). I attached all the requirements. Also, make sure to use the information that you got from the previous interview assignment (I attached the interview file) and add the interview questions at the end of the research paper. A minimum of 10 pages is required for the research paper. 1. What are some of the new opportunities for investors due to COVID-19?
While stock markets in the whole world have decreased substantially, including the U.S, there
are also opportunities for investors. These are mainly in those shares that are not a weakening in
their fundamentals have done down just because of panic. It is an appropriate period for savvy
investors, with long-term views to purchase underpriced stocks for future dividends and capital
gains. Once the short-term program interventions being executed in the U.S are capable of
keeping companies afloat, the same businesses will need to expand. Debt financing and equity
shall be the perfect tools for such business strategies. For long-term investments, it will be ideal
opportunities for capital markets to play its role in mobilizing savings.
2. What are some of the new opportunities for companies due to COVID-19?
Some investment firms in the U.S have moved swiftly to introduce offerings they believe will
find tractions in these uncertain times with companies around China in panic mode because of
the Covid-19 outbreaks. Some companies are now offering venture debts to extend funding to
other firms seeking capital to cope with cash flow challenges associated with the pandemic. The
loans shall nevertheless not be handouts. The companies offering venture debts aim to generate
financial returns on the funds, although lower than usual. They plan to provide these favourable
interest rates by raising capital for the funds from commercial investors. Having the two return
structures in funds allow the firms to offer venture debts to transfer low rates to the business
owners.
3. What are the implications of COVID-19 to markets in the U.S?
The U.S is facing a possible black swan occurrence with Covid-19 spread. This is an extremely
unpredictable and rare event that has possibly severe implications. It is, therefore, significant to
act in meaningful ways and swiftly in minimizing the fallouts from these shocks. Coupled with
heightened uncertainties, the sudden stops in activities have exposed structural vulnerability in
specific markets and households. Rational and decisive responses shall contribute to speedy
recoveries and minimize economic risks.
4. What are the impacts of COVID lockdown on the chain of distributions?
While the Covid-19 outbreak could threaten production chains and market demand, and may also
impact the US economy, the current scenario still causes a lot of long-term instability (Chinazzi
et al. 2020). Coronavirus would form economic losses more explicitly across supply chains,
competition and capital markets, impacting corporate spending, household usage, and global
trade. The planet is very different from the previous epidemic of major viruses in 2003.
International growth is still weak, and capital markets still have very low-interest rates, implying
that central banks have no leverage in virtually every big world to offset any possible economic
effects.
5. How have COVID-19 disrupted of the supply chain making it hard for companies to finish
their commodities
The most apparent impacts of the Covid-19 are the disruptions to the international chains (Barro,
Ursúa, & Weng, 2020). There have already been notable disruptions looking more closely at
international supply chains, with the lists of producers outside China compelled to reduction
manufacturing ability of their companies increasing longer daily. The U.S has closed the plants
in regions affected in the coronavirus as preventive measures, affecting near-term employment
and mobility prospects of migrant employees and causing disruptions of the supply of chain.
These kinds of the broadening of disruptions of the supply chain of intermediate goods make it
hard for the U.S factories to replace commodities from other nations for the missing inputs from
Europe (Chinazzi et al. 2020). How closely companies control their supply chains may rely on
how strongly it impacts U.S. businesses.
6. How COVID-19 affected consumers’ purchasing power?
First, when employers are forced to leave, workers are expected to acquire fewer money than an
employer would have received, and in some cases, they do not receive any pay. As a result,
individual workers will be expected to pay less, again increasing overall demand. The United
States shall lose 1.60 million tourists from Chinese businesses, with a resulting decline of $10.30
billion in expenses. Global firms and luxury commodity producers who depend on Chinese
customers have already struggled and will be forced to shut down shops. If these consequences
increase across the planet, the United States exporters will find it more challenging to market
their goods across their globe, with adverse implications for U.S. development and jobs. On the
other hand, the US expects lower Chinese imports. Small imports, exports and foreign exchange
were seen during the last quarter of 2019 (Wells et al. 2020). Unless the populations overreact to
Covid-19 epidemic, there is a chance of a significant adverse market reaction.
7. How have COVID-19 affected the production of goods and services?
Not only can the Covid-19 impact production, but some parts of the U.S. economy shall
also suffer decreases in output and significant sales losses due to adverse economic consequences
(Stock, 2020). Two separate outcomes should be acknowledged. Second, consumers may use
fewer in those commodities and services since they fear future exposures to the coronavirus. For
instance, consumers are less likely to fly to other nations for business activities. Decreases in
demands after supply shocks are a one-two punch that can compress more economic growth while
the scale of these consequences remains still uncertain.
8. What are the uncertainties over Covid-19 and its economic impacts?
With its robust levels of consumptions and labour markets but low investments and inflation, the
present U.S local economy already shows a heightened uncertainty sense (Chinazzi et al. 2020).
Conflicting policies on regulations and political polarizations have resulted in companies thinking
twice before expanding or investing. There are worries about the incidence of risks, rates of
mortality, contagion rates, and the virus scale. It has affected participants of the financial markets,
firms, and households. Companies have held off on investment since they do not understand what
would happen to their global and domestic consumers and the supply chains. Besides, how far and
where the virus shall widespread is unknown. This makes it difficult or even not possible to explore
the impacts of demand disruptions and supply chains (Stock, 2020).
9. What are the effects of COVID-19 on the stock prices and interest rates as economic
uncertainties take hold?
In signs of economic uncertainties, the interest rates in the U.S have recently decreased to historic
lows. After remaining steadily at 1.80% and 1.70% in early 2020 and throughout 2019, in the last
week of January, the ten-year treasury yield decreased from 1.690% to 1.50% (Chinazzi et al.
2020). The declines have continued, and the rates of yields dipped below 1.00% in March for the
first time in one hundred and fifty years.
10. How do financial institutions respond to COVID-19?
Financial institutions such as banks limit and reprice credits since they cannot correctly examine
short-term risks to specific nations, borrowers, and industries. Less availability of credits has made
it difficult for companies, particularly smaller firms, to invest and expand. Some possible home
purchasers have found it more challenging to get mortgages. Uncertainties of credit markets have
then exacerbated the fallouts of demands from the Covid-19. Also, there are global wrinkles to
increasing uncertainties. The global financial investors have become worried about the unknown
dangers to international economies from the Covid-19. Global economic uncertainties, disruptions
of the supply chain, and contractions of demand happened again the backdrops of many households
and companies straining under significant debt amounts. These debts have to be repaid even with
the slowing the economy. The continued debt services have left less capital for households and
firms to spend (Barro, Ursúa, & Weng, 2020). The levels of high debts have exacerbated the
economic fallouts from Coronavirus.
References
Barro, R. J., Ursúa, J. F., & Weng, J. (2020). The coronavirus and the great influenza pandemic:
Lessons from the “Spanish flu” for the coronavirus’s potential effects on mortality and
economic activity (No. w26866). National Bureau of Economic Research.
Chinazzi, M., Davis, J. T., Ajelli, M., Gioannini, C., Litvinova, M., Merler, S., … & Viboud, C.
(2020). The effect of travel restrictions on the spread of the 2019 novel coronavirus
(COVID-19) outbreak. Science.
Stock, J. H. (2020). Data gaps and the policy response to the novel coronavirus (No. w26902).
National Bureau of Economic Research.
Wells, C. R., Sah, P., Moghadas, S. M., Pandey, A., Shoukat, A., Wang, Y., … & Galvani, A. P.
(2020). Impact of international travel and border control measures on the global spread of
the novel 2019 coronavirus outbreak. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,
117(13), 7504-7509.
For this assignment, I’m required to write a research paper about The Bullwhip
Effect. The area that I picked within Supply Chain is (Manufacturer). I attached all
the requirements. Also, make sure to use the information that you got from the
previous interview assignment (I attached the interview file) and include the
interview questions at the end of the research paper. A minimum of 10 pages is
required for the research paper.
Research Project
THE BULLWHIP EFFECT
The bullwhip effect is a distribution channel phenomenon which forecast yield supply chain
inefficiencies. It refers to increasing swings in inventory in response to shifts in customer demand as
one moves further up the supply chain. The concept first appeared in Jay Forrester’s Industrial
Dynamics. (Forrester, Jay Wright (1961). Industrial Dynamics, MIT Press.)
During this 10 week semester, your assignment is to acquaint yourself with the concept, pick an area
within a supply chain (consumer, retail, wholesale, manufacturer) and research how changes in that
area has been impacted by the COVID 19 pandemic. How has this challenge influenced the uses of the
various modes of transportation both inside the U.S. and internationally? How can these various players
minimize the effects of the bullwhip phenomena in their area?
The disruptions in global supply and demand dramatically and drastically been impacted by the virus and
government responses to it. Now, retuning to something more normal, what will the supply chain look
like for the future.
My goal is to have each student gain a better understanding of the importance of Logics and Supply
Chain management in the real, international economy.
The graded elements within the paper are as follows:
Percentage
Graded Element
Topic selection and identification of key trends
and research relevant literature
15%
Outline
15%
Bibliography
10%
Research paper
60%
Total
100%
Identification of key trends and research relevant literature:
Key trends and relevant literature will be the first part of your paper. you will research
the key trends and relevant literature to find existing arguments and knowledge.
Conclude similar findings to the relevant literature or counter argue with the existing
knowledge. The easy way of the finding for the key trends and relevant literature is just
using Google. The better way to do it is Google Scholar.
RESEARCH PAPER
GRADING TEMPLATE
Paper Evaluations
Evaluation Element
Percent
of Grade
Relevance to logistics management—relationship of topic as well as student’s
ability to relate paper and research to logistics management topics and
techniques.
5
Neatness and overall appearance of paper—margins, headings, use of
graphics or tables.
5
Length requirement—did student satisfy the minimum length requirement
(minimum of 10 pages) (12 pitch, 1 inch margins).
5
Organization—does the article follow a logical progression? Did the student
integrate the researched material or is it just a sequence of discussions? Is the
paper constructed to develop a well-developed conclusion? Are conclusions,
issues, future directions, other positions clearly defended?
15
Readability—how well is the paper written? Did the student make appropriate
use of transitions, paragraphs, and sentence structure? Does the writing style
flow well or is it choppy? Do paragraphs have a clearly stated topic sentence with
two to three supporting sentences? Use of two sentence paragraphs will result in
a grade deduction.
10
Comprehensive discussion of topic—complete and thoroughness. Has the
student thoroughly researched the topic and discussed it in the paper? Are key
sources used? Does the student include professional as well as academic
literature into the discussion?
15
Analysis of topic—Does the student “analyze” the material, or is the paper
simply a “report?” Are key issues identified and discussed? How current are the
sources? How difficult was the material addressed?
15
Student
Grade
Future directions and Conclusions— Does the student draw meaningful
conclusions? Quality of the discussion and integration of sources. How well did
the student develop logical conclusions based on the analysis? Do the suggested
future directions/issues make sense based on the research? How well did the
student integrate the research into the case application analysis?
15
Bibliography and footnotes—did student identify key and relevant sources—use
of academic and research sources–go beyond simply an Internet or cursory
search process? Are footnotes appropriately used? Are footnotes and
bibliography entries complete?
10
Spelling and grammar
5
Total:
100
Grade deductions:
Not typed
20
Less than 10 refereed journal articles used in writing paper
20
No table of contents
15
No major or minor headings used in the paper
10

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