Oregon Health & Science University Homicide Discussion Use the information from the video, ppt and at least another 2-3 attached articles to answer the que

Oregon Health & Science University Homicide Discussion Use the information from the video, ppt and at least another 2-3 attached articles to answer the questions below (400 words). I only need in-text citation. Reply the screenshot file that I will send later (~100 word).

1.) What are some of the ways a mental health professional could help a survivor of homicide in her or his attempts at meaning-making for their loved one’s death and develop a narrative?
2.) Do you think the nature of the homicide make a difference in the reactions and processing of bereavement? Why, and how?
3.) Watch the video and discover why support, compared to other interventions, can make such a difference in the trauma outcome? Can you uncover some encouraging intervention approach? +
Homicide Victims
Homicide affects not only the immediate victim whose
life is cut short, but it has a lifelong impact on the
victim’s family and friends.
Survivors of homicide victims are those individuals who
had special ties of kinship with the person murdered,
and who were, thereafter, victimized not only by the
loss of someone close to them but also by the horrific
circumstances of that untimely death.
Nature and Extent of the Problem
The FBI defines murder as the willful (nonnegligent) killing
of one human by another. This definition does not
include deaths caused by negligence, suicide, or
accident, nor does it include justifiable homicide or
attempted homicides.
There was a sharp increase in homicides in the late 1980’s,
with a sharp decline after 1991. Since 1999, the
homicide rate has remained stable with approximately
5.6 per 1,000,000 persons. In 2003, the number of
persons murdered was 16,420.
Types of Homicide
◼ Spousal
homicide – the killing of one’s legally married
partner
◼ Parricide –
the killing of one’s parents
◼ Mass murderer –
the killing of several persons at one time
in the same location
◼ Spree killing
– the killing of several persons at two or more
locations with very little or any time break between the
killings
◼ Serial murder – the killing
of several persons over a period
of time which can range from weeks to years
Types of Serial Murderers
◼ Holmes
killers:
and DeBurger identified four types of serial
◼ Visionary
type
◼ Mission-oriented type
◼ Hedonistic type
◼ Power/control-oriented type
◼ Hickey
classified serial killers into three distinct
groups based on mobility:
◼ Traveling
serial killers
◼ Local serial killers
◼ Serial killers who never leave their home or place of
employment
SERIAL MURDER
HOLMES AND DEBURGER TYPOLOGY
•
Based on motive
• Visionary
• Mission oriented
• Hedonistic
• Power/control
+
Visionary
◼ Driven
by voices or visions that demand the destruction of
some kind of people, e.g. Homosexuals, prostitutes
◼ Visionary
◼ Often
◼ Is
killers often claim to be doing God’s work
qualifies as psychotic
the most difficult to understand
◼ Chaotic
crime scene and an abundance of physical
evidence
+
Mission-oriented
•
Has determined that a particular group of
people must be eliminated because they are
undesirable, e.g. Street people, minority
group, prostitutes
•
No discernable mental disorder
•
No visions, no voices
+ Hedonistic
•
Strives for pleasure and thrill seeking
•
People are objects and to that end, are to be used for his enjoyment
•
Gains pleasure from the murder event itself
•
Divided into three subtypes: lust, thrill or comfort
•
Lust
• Primary motive is sexual gratification
•
Thrill
• Primary motive is inducing pain and/or terror. The pain, terror and
murder itself are extremely exciting for the killer
•
Comfort
• Acquire business/financial interests or objects (money) that provide
+
Power/Control
•
Derives satisfaction by having complete life-ordeath control over the victim
•
Sexual component may be present or may not
be
•
Primary motive is extreme power and control
over victim
•
Tend to seek victims that appear vulnerable,
such as children
Profiling
Geographic Profiling
◼ Rossmo’s
four hunting patterns
◼ Hunter
◼ Poacher
◼ Troller
◼ Trapper
Originally designed to help investigations of murder, rape,
and arson, now being used for serial bombings, bank
robbery, and child abductions
+ Hunter: homebodies
The
◼Geographically stable
◼Crimes
usually occur near the offender’s
residence
◼Actively leave their house
◼Search areas
target
to search for victims
they think will contain a suitable
+
The Poacher: don’t excrete where you eat
•
More transient
•
May travel some distance from their home in search
of a suitable victim
•
Actively searches for victim
+ The Troller: don’t look a gift horse in the mouth
•
Is not actively searching for victims
•
Instead relies on random encounters during
the course of day to day activities
+
The Trapper: want some nice, shiny
candy?
•
Creates situations that entice victims to come to
him
Characteristics of Murderers
Statistical facts drawn from arrest records indicate:
Age ………………………..25-49 50%+
Sex ..………………………88% male
12% female
Race ………………………46% White
51%
Relationship ………………50% Acquaintance
17% Family
20% Stranger
12% Unknown
Weapon of Choice ………..Firearm
Source: Snyder, H., Finnegan, T., Wan, Y., and Kang, W. (2002). “Easy Access to the FBI’s Supplementary Homicide Reports:
1980-2000” Online: http://ojjdp.ncjrs.org/ojstatbb/ezashr/asp/profile.asp
Drinking, Driving, and Homicide
According to the National Highway Traffic Safety
Administration, 16,694 people were killed in alcoholrelated crashes in 2004. This equals almost one death
every half hour. These alcohol-related fatalities
constituted approximately 39 percent of the 42,636
total traffic deaths that year.
Responding to Special Needs
◼ Family
Relationships
◼ Mental
and Emotional Responses
◼ Notification
Family Relationships
◼ The
murder of a child is one of the least expected
incidents in life.
◼ The
murder of a spouse will affect the surviving
spouse in a variety of ways.
◼ The
murder of a parent may leave young children
worrying about their own life and stability.
◼ The
murder of a sibling may leave the other brothers
and sisters neglected by the professional caregivers.
Mental and Emotional Responses
◼ Unexpected financial consequences
◼ Criminal justice system adds stress
◼ Impact on
ability to function at their job or work
◼ Not uncommon for marriages to break up when children
of that marriage are murdered
◼ Children within the family of survivors of homicide are also
affected by the killing
◼ Religious faith may be weakened
◼ Scrutiny of an insensitive press adds stress
◼ May be revictimized by professionals within the criminal
justice system
◼ May have mystical experiences
Notification
One of the most traumatic moments in a survivor’s life
is receiving notification of their loved one’s death.
◼
Notification teams including a law enforcement officer and a crisis
intervention worker can ease the pain of the survivor
◼
Have as much information regarding the death as possible for the
notification
◼
Never, if possible, make notification by telephone
◼
Don’t take victim’s personal items at time of notification
◼
Should be done inside home, sitting down with appropriate
relative(s)
◼
Be clear, direct, and simple

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