Isolating Caffeine from Caffeine Pills Lab Report I uploaded for you everything you need.Let me know if you have any question please :) Isolating caffeine

Isolating Caffeine from Caffeine Pills Lab Report I uploaded for you everything you need.Let me know if you have any question please 🙂 Isolating caffeine from caffeine pills
Introduction: Heterocyclic compounds include a ring of atoms composed of carbon and one or
more nitrogen, sulfur or oxygen atoms. An alkaloid is a heterocycle that contains one or more
nitrogen atoms. Examples of alkaloids include nicotine, caffeine and atropine. Nicotine and
caffeine are both stimulants. Atropine is used in the treatment of nerve agent and pesticide
poisoning.
CH3
O
CH3
H
N
N
CH3
Nicotine
O
CH3
N
N
N
N
N
OH
O
CH3
Caffeine
O
Atropine
Caffeine is a psychoactive compound, meaning it impacts the brain resulting in changes in
mood, perception, cognition and/or behavior. Humans have been consuming this organic
compound for millennia in the form of coffee and tea. The caffeine becomes accessible
through the process of boiling coffee beans or tea leaves. Alternatively, a tired organic
chemistry student could obtain an infusion of caffeine more directly by ingesting a caffeine pill.
Description of the Experiment
Today we are going to extract, isolate and purify caffeine from No-Doz (or a generic equivalent).
Reagents
95% ethanol
Pre-Lab
1. Create a table of important physical properties for any important reagents and
compounds.
Check-Out Items
None
Safety
– 95% ethanol and ethanol are highly flammable liquids that are toxic.
Disposal
– All liquids should be disposed of in the non-halogenated waste carboy.
– All solids should be disposed of in the solid waste drum.
1
Experimental Procedure
Dissolving the Caffeine: Acquire and weigh the tablet, recording the weight in your laboratory
notebook. Place the tablet on a watch glass and gently crush it using a glass rod. Transfer the
solid to a 25 mL Erlenmeyer flask and add 4 mL of 95% ethanol. Use an additional 1 mL of 95%
ethanol to transfer any remaining powder on the watch glass, using a glass funnel so that you
don’t spill any liquid on your bench top. Heat the solution to a gentle reflux by placing the flask
in a boiling water bath (use a crystallizing dish and a heating/stir plate).
Hot Vacuum Filtration: Besides caffeine other components are typically added to aid in tablet
formation. Many of these components (benzoic acid, propylene glycol, stearic acid and
sucrose) will be soluble in the 95% ethanol. Some of the components, including
microcrystalline cellulose and titanium dioxide, are insoluble in this solvent. You will remove
these insoluble materials by performing a hot vacuum filtration (we need to keep the solution
hot so that the caffeine doesn’t crystalize during the process).
Set up the apparatus for vacuum filtration using a 25 mL filtration flask. Place approximately 3
mL of 95% ethanol in a test tube and warm it up in the hot water bath. Once your filtration
apparatus is assembled, a vacuum is being pulled and you have equipped the filter with filter
paper, warm the filter with ~ 1 mL of the hot ethanol. Immediately transfer the hot caffeine
solution to the filter, trying not to disturb the filter paper. Use the remaining 2 mL of hot
ethanol to transfer any remaining materials from the Erlenmeyer flask.
Isolation and Purification of Caffeine: The filtrate contains caffeine, and a few impurities. To
isolate the caffeine, you will need to remove most of the ethanol. You can do this by blowing a
gentle stream of nitrogen over the solution while heating it. Concentrate the solution to a
volume of approximately 2 mL and then allow the solution to cool to room temperature. After
it has cooled to room temperature and caffeine has begun crystalizing you should cool the
solution in an ice bath to maximize recovery. Isolate the caffeine by vacuum filtration, wash
with few drops of cold 50% aqueous ethanol and dry the material to constant mass.
Analysis
Obtain a melting point and an IR spectrum of the isolated caffeine.
Lab report question/details
– You should discuss the % mass recovery of purified caffeine assuming that the tablet
contained 200 mg of caffeine. If you did not obtain a 100% mass recovery you should
comment on where you might have lost material.
– Compare the melting point that you obtained to the reported melting point of caffeine.
What does your result say about the purity of your material?
– Submit a copy of the IR spectrum with your lab report and provide an analysis of this
data.
2
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Isolating caffeine from caffeine pills
Introduction: Heterocyclic compounds include a ring of atoms composed of carbon and one or
more nitrogen, sulfur or oxygen atoms. An alkaloid is a heterocycle that contains one or more
nitrogen atoms. Examples of alkaloids include nicotine, caffeine and atropine. Nicotine and
caffeine are both stimulants. Atropine is used in the treatment of nerve agent and pesticide
poisoning.
CH3
O
CH3
H
N
N
CH3
Nicotine
O
CH3
N
N
N
N
N
OH
O
CH3
Caffeine
O
Atropine
Caffeine is a psychoactive compound, meaning it impacts the brain resulting in changes in
mood, perception, cognition and/or behavior. Humans have been consuming this organic
compound for millennia in the form of coffee and tea. The caffeine becomes accessible
through the process of boiling coffee beans or tea leaves. Alternatively, a tired organic
chemistry student could obtain an infusion of caffeine more directly by ingesting a caffeine pill.
Description of the Experiment
Today we are going to extract, isolate and purify caffeine from No-Doz (or a generic equivalent).
Reagents
95% ethanol
Pre-Lab
1. Create a table of important physical properties for any important reagents and
compounds.
Check-Out Items
None
Safety
– 95% ethanol and ethanol are highly flammable liquids that are toxic.
Disposal
– All liquids should be disposed of in the non-halogenated waste carboy.
– All solids should be disposed of in the solid waste drum.
1
Experimental Procedure
Dissolving the Caffeine: Acquire and weigh the tablet, recording the weight in your laboratory
notebook. Place the tablet on a watch glass and gently crush it using a glass rod. Transfer the
solid to a 25 mL Erlenmeyer flask and add 4 mL of 95% ethanol. Use an additional 1 mL of 95%
ethanol to transfer any remaining powder on the watch glass, using a glass funnel so that you
don’t spill any liquid on your bench top. Heat the solution to a gentle reflux by placing the flask
in a boiling water bath (use a crystallizing dish and a heating/stir plate).
Hot Vacuum Filtration: Besides caffeine other components are typically added to aid in tablet
formation. Many of these components (benzoic acid, propylene glycol, stearic acid and
sucrose) will be soluble in the 95% ethanol. Some of the components, including
microcrystalline cellulose and titanium dioxide, are insoluble in this solvent. You will remove
these insoluble materials by performing a hot vacuum filtration (we need to keep the solution
hot so that the caffeine doesn’t crystalize during the process).
Set up the apparatus for vacuum filtration using a 25 mL filtration flask. Place approximately 3
mL of 95% ethanol in a test tube and warm it up in the hot water bath. Once your filtration
apparatus is assembled, a vacuum is being pulled and you have equipped the filter with filter
paper, warm the filter with ~ 1 mL of the hot ethanol. Immediately transfer the hot caffeine
solution to the filter, trying not to disturb the filter paper. Use the remaining 2 mL of hot
ethanol to transfer any remaining materials from the Erlenmeyer flask.
Isolation and Purification of Caffeine: The filtrate contains caffeine, and a few impurities. To
isolate the caffeine, you will need to remove most of the ethanol. You can do this by blowing a
gentle stream of nitrogen over the solution while heating it. Concentrate the solution to a
volume of approximately 2 mL and then allow the solution to cool to room temperature. After
it has cooled to room temperature and caffeine has begun crystalizing you should cool the
solution in an ice bath to maximize recovery. Isolate the caffeine by vacuum filtration, wash
with few drops of cold 50% aqueous ethanol and dry the material to constant mass.
Analysis
Obtain a melting point and an IR spectrum of the isolated caffeine.
Lab report question/details
– You should discuss the % mass recovery of purified caffeine assuming that the tablet
contained 200 mg of caffeine. If you did not obtain a 100% mass recovery you should
comment on where you might have lost material.
– Compare the melting point that you obtained to the reported melting point of caffeine.
What does your result say about the purity of your material?
– Submit a copy of the IR spectrum with your lab report and provide an analysis of this
data.
2
Here is an outline of what to include on your lab report:
Name, date, lab partner’s name, and title of lab
Three labeled sections: Results, discussion, and conclusion
Results: must include % yield recovered for caffeine. In this section, please explain the calculation (talk me through it) and include
recorded melting point with %error from true value. Try not to explain your results, save that for the discussion!
Discussion: the very first thing stated in your discussion should be the purpose. “The purpose of this lab was……”. After stating the
purpose, you should introduce scientific concepts. Introduce extraction and isolation techniques used, colligative prosperities and
how/why we can use the melting point to determine identity, and anything else relevant to the lab. After the scientific concepts, talk
about your results and their connection to the introduced scientific concepts. Do you results make sense? Do you understand them?
Are you communicating your knowledge to me? You also need to include a paragraph about colligative properties and intermolecular
forces-how they apply to our experiment, and a paragraph about exipermental setup and possible errors. The discussion should be
about 4-5 paragraphs long and will be the bulk of your report.
Conclusion: restate the purpose and scientific concepts explored during lab. Make a statement about your results and how they
relate to the purpose/scientific concepts. End with a closing sentence. This should be 3-4 sentences long.

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