EH1020 Columbia Southern Abortion Controversy and Health Research Proposal Follow the directions below for the completion of the Research Proposal assignme

EH1020 Columbia Southern Abortion Controversy and Health Research Proposal Follow the directions below for the completion of the Research Proposal
assignment for Unit III. If you have questions, please email your professor for
assistance.
Purpose: The purpose of the research proposal is to help you to
understand your project, to gain direction and feedback on
your project, and to establish a blueprint for your
project.
Description: In this assignment, you will create a research
proposal consisting of three sections:
Section 1: What is the topic? (100-150 words)
Section 2: What is the controversy? Include paragraphs that detail both
sides of the controversy. (300-400
words)
Section 3: Your tentative thesis statement (one to two
sentences)I have attached an example.I have also attached my annotated bibliography.The topic is abortion laws. Running head: RECYCLING CAN BE WORTH IT
Recycling Can Be Worth It, If We Focus Efforts
Student’s Name
Columbia Southern University
1
RECYCLING CAN BE WORTH IT
2
Recycling Can Be Worth It, If We Focus Our Efforts
The Topic
For decades, people have expressed concern about the environment and how human
activity may impact it in a negative way. Conservation efforts have included global concerns
about production waste, water pollution, and endangered species. Because the scope of human
activity has an array of negative effects, many people feel somewhat powerless to affect any kind
of real change. As a result, ecologists and activists have attempted to educate the public about
ways that every individual might make small changes that will begin to alleviate long-term
effects. One of these methods is household recycling. Recently, however, some people have
begun to question the efficacy of recycling as a means for alleviating landfill waste.
The Controversy
An on-going concern is that recycling is not the solution that the U.S. government
thought it would be in the 1980s. While many people do not disagree that recycling is a good
idea, there is little to incentivize people to recycle. Further, some people even question whether
recycling bottles is better for the environment because of the shear amount of energy resources
used in the production of recycled bottles that still cause waste. There is increasing concern
about unsustainable resources and whether or not the human race can afford not to recycle.
Pro Side of the Controversy
While there are imperfections in the recycling process, those in favor of recycling
contend that investing in the process is worth it because of the positive impacts to the
environment. According to the Aluminum Association (as cited in Moss & Scheer, 2015),
aluminum cans are the most recycled material, which is good because recycling these cans saves
aluminum and only uses 8% of the energy to make a new can. Recycling prevents the release of
RECYCLING CAN BE WORTH IT
3
dangerous carbon dioxide. According to Moss and Scheer (2015), who interviewed the U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency in 2013, recycling and compositing saved nearly 186 million
metric tons of carbon dioxide from being released into the atmosphere. Szaky (2015) argues that
those against recycling fail to account for the current impacts of failing to recycle. For example,
a new study by the 5 Gyres Institute indicates that there are more than five trillion pieces of
plastic floating on the surface of the world’s oceans, which is roughly the weight of 134,500
average U.S. cars (Elks & Hower, 2014). While the statistics can be staggering, others are
concerned about the economic questions regarding recycling and sustainability.
Con Side of the Controversy
Those who question recycling do so on the basis of effectiveness and convenience.
Hutchinson (2008) contends that while a plastic water bottle might last in a landfill for centuries,
the petroleum reused is barely worth the diesel fuel burned by the large trucks sent to collect the
bottles. While recycling aluminum is worth the energy, recycling glass uses 21% less energy
(Hutchinson, 2008). There are further concerns about looking at recycling as part of a larger
picture. For example, Chris Goodall calculates that “if you wash plastic in water that was heated
by coal-derived electricity, then the net effect of your recycling could be more carbon in the
atmosphere” (as cited in Tierney, 2015). While some cities are attempting to convert to a “zero
trash” policy within the next 15 to 20 years, there is no guarantee that these expensive measures
will have any positive impacts on the environment; in fact, many speculate that the benefits are
few (Tierney, 2015).
RECYCLING CAN BE WORTH IT
Tentative Thesis Statement
Recycling efforts should continue because materials that are recycled are often
unsustainable, there should be a more focused effort to recycle materials that have a
reproduction-cost benefit.
4
RECYCLING CAN BE WORTH IT
5
References
Elks, J., & Hower, M. (2014, December 18). Reports find over 5 trillion pieces of plastic floating
in the world’s oceans…and 10,000 times more in the deep sea. Retrieved from
http://www.sustainablebrands.com/news_and_views/waste_not/mike_hower/report_5_tril
lion_pieces_plastic_floating_world%E2%80%99s_oceans
Hutchinson, A. (2008, November 12). Is recycling worth it? PM investigates its economic and
environmental impact. Retrieved from http://www.popularmechanics.com/science
/environment/a3752/4291566/
Moss, D., & Scheer, R. (2015, November 5). Is recycling worth it? Retrieved from
http://www.scientificamerican.com/article/is-recycling-worth-it/
Szaky, T. (2015, October 13). 7 reasons why recycling is not a waste: A response to “The Reign
of Recycling.” Retrieved from http://www.sustainablebrands.com/
news_and_views/waste_not/tom_szaky/7_reasons_why_recycling_not_waste_response_r
eign_recycling
Tierney, J. (2015, October 3). The reign of recycling. The New York Times. Retrieved from

Running head: ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY ON ABORTION
Annotated Bibliography on Abortion
Name
University
1
ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY ON ABORTION
2
Annotated Bibliography on Abortion
Biggs, M. A., Upadhyay, U. D., McCulloch, C. E., & Foster, D. G. (2017). Women’s mental
health and well-being five years after receiving or being denied an abortion: A
prospective, longitudinal cohort study. JAMA Psychiatry, 74(2), 169-178.
Abortion has had different receptions depending on religious, moral, and medical
teachings. Opponents of abortion claim that abortion is associated with mental health problems,
emotional distress, and negative feelings concerning their surroundings (Biggs et al., 2017).
Research indicates that women tend to have varied emotions on abortion, and the factors that
lead to variable feelings to approach may vary. Most teenagers who have had an abortion are less
likely to have psychological disturbances due to abortions (Biggs et al., 2017). Abortions give
them relief from the probable stigmatization that might be related to pregnancy, and this tends to
help them get over the adverse effects that might be associated with carrying the pregnancies.
Some studies indicated that some women feel more sadness and bitterness shortly after abortion,
not because of the abortion, but they are bitter of the pregnancy. Most women who have been
involved in abortion and have mental illnesses show no relationships between the abortion
process and their mental illness.
Greenhouse, L., & Siegel, R. B., (2016). The Difference, a Whole Woman, Makes Protection for
the Abortion Right After Whole Woman’s Health. Yale LJF, 126, 149.
According to Greenhouse & Siegel, 2016,), many Americans women believe that making
personal decisions about their pregnancies should not be dictated by judges or politicians. For
more than 45 years, the right to safe and legal abortion has been the law of the land. According
to the American’s statistics, it shows overwhelmingly support of 73% of Americans to legalize
abortion. Also, it receives high and robust support from the Catholic Church. However, the
debate of Roe v.s Wade is increasing as more people as currently undergoing abortions. The
ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY ON ABORTION
3
United States Constitution protects people’s right to make their own medical decisions. Women
get involved in abortions at will, and the majority considers abortion to be one of the life events
that they prefer to be secreted (Greenhouse & Siegel, 2016). More than 20 million women will
be at risk if the Supreme Court overturns Roe vs. Wade of losing access to abortion.
Hanschmidt, F., Linde, K., Hilbert, A., Riedel?Heller, S. G., & Kersting, A. (2016). Abortion
stigma: a systematic review. Perspectives on sexual and reproductive health, 48(4), 169177.
A council of the American Psychological Association researched to help in the collection
and analysis of the various impacts that are related to abortion (Hanschmidt et al., 2016). The
main points of focus were the determination of the psychological responses that revolve around
abortion as well as the decision of the research relevance by determining the dates of the
researches (Hanschmidt et al., 2016). The technological advancements have led to great
assimilations, and most people have accepted the various events that revolve around abortions
(Hanschmidt et al., 2016). Therefore, the past researches might not give significant similarities
with the various activities that occur in current societies. The American Psychological
Association was able to determine that women tend to have different reasons for abortions, and
this may affect the outcome of the activity. Women who engage in abortion without quite
pressing reasons may be victims of mental problems that are related to abortion.
Myers, C. K., (2017). Forthcoming.”The Power of Abortion Policy: Re-examining the Effects of
Young Women’s Access to Reproductive Control,”. Journal of Political Economy, 104,
334-445.
Over the years, many states such as the Midwest and Southern, have supported legislation
that regulates the access of women to medical services that promotes abortion. According to the
ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY ON ABORTION
4
author, a good number of women who have been involved in abortion indicate that abortion
procedures tend to affect them more than they expected. The individuals who are more
susceptible to being affected by the systems are those who have had underlying psychological
and emotional problems like lack of approval from their spouses. In as much abortion has been
closely related to depression, the correct path of how abortion actually results in depression
remains unclear. Abortions have been noted to have different effects on women. Some women
tend to find abortions to be a source of relief. The primary psychological complication of
abortion has been noted to be depression. Other potential effects of abortion run from shame,
guilt, regrets, eating disorders, loss of self-confidence, and having relationship problems.
McCloskey, L. A., (2016). Focus: Sex and Gender Health: The Effects of Gender-based Violence
on Women’s Unwanted Pregnancy and Abortion. The Yale journal of biology and
medicine, 89(2), 153.
The American Psychological Association was able to determine that women tend to have
different reasons for abortions, and this may affect the outcome of the activity. Women who
engage in abortion without quite pressing reasons may be victims of mental problems that are
related to abortion. According to McCloskey, 2016), various reasons may lead to abortions are
cited for having been classified as cultural, social, economic, or personal reasons. Abortion is
one of the critical challenges that the new community faces. The effects of abortions tend not to
be quite pronounced among adult women. Women who go to abortion with fear of stigmatization
may feel relieved by abortion if it is done within the first trimester of pregnancy. First-trimester
pregnancy abortions are associated with few mental problems since the victims think that they
have noticed by society, and the activity tends to remain productive from their points of view.
ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY ON ABORTION
5
There is a need for the development of an approach to address this issue in the modern day
community.
Sullins, D. P., (2016). Abortion, substance abuse, and mental health in early adulthood: thirteenyear longitudinal evidence from the United States. SAGE open medicine, 4,
2050312116665997.
Abortions are legal in some countries and are permitted if the life of the mother is thought
to be at risk. Medically induced abortions due to unavoidable health circumstances tend to have
lesser mental impacts compared to intentional abortions. Results on the probabilities that women
who have had first-trimester abortion suffering from mental illnesses have been noted to be equal
to the mental illnesses of the rates of mental illnesses the natural populations. Factors that may
lead to increased mental illnesses among who have had abortions in their first trimester of
pregnancy include the leakage of the abortion secrets, various personality complications, and a
prior history of mental illness. The previous history of mental illness does not indicate that the
various mental illnesses might have resulted from the various abortion activities. The intentions
of abortion and the last life of the woman before abortion tend to predict their mental states after
the incidences of abortion.
Shrage, L., (2013). Moral dilemmas of feminism: Prostitution, adultery, and abortion.
Routledge.
Shrage discusses the moral dilemmas that gave rise in the feminism in response to
abortion, adultery, and prostitution. According to the author, women tend to have varied
emotions on abortion, and the factors that lead to variable feelings to approach may vary. In the
United States, more than half of the pregnancies are unplanned, and this explains why there are
higher incidences of elective abortion in the region. Termination of pregnancy may be a
ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY ON ABORTION
6
relatively stressful event due to alterations in the hormonal secretions. The various reasons that
may lead to abortions are cited for having been classified as cultural, social, economic, or
personal reasons. The hormonal secretions differences may lead to the imbalances in the
hormonal releases and may be associated with different mood changes. Abortions may be related
to the release of oxytocin hormone, especially in near limit abortions, and this makes the women
to be emotionally attached to the fetus that tends to affect the ways they lead their lives
afterward.
ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY ON ABORTION
7
References
Biggs, M. A., Upadhyay, U. D., McCulloch, C. E., & Foster, D. G. (2017). Women’s mental
health and well-being five years after receiving or being denied an abortion: A
prospective, longitudinal cohort study. JAMA Psychiatry, 74(2), 169-178.
Shrage, L., (2013). Moral dilemmas of feminism: Prostitution, adultery, and abortion.
Routledge.
Sullins, D. P., (2016). Abortion, substance abuse, and mental health in early adulthood: thirteenyear longitudinal evidence from the United States. SAGE open medicine, 4,
2050312116665997.
McCloskey, L. A., (2016). Focus: Sex and Gender Health: The Effects of Gender-based Violence
on Women’s Unwanted Pregnancy and Abortion. The Yale journal of biology and
medicine, 89(2), 153.
Myers, C. K., (2017). Forthcoming. “The Power of Abortion Policy: Re-examining the Effects of
Young Women’s Access to Reproductive Control,”. Journal of Political Economy, 104,
334-445.
Greenhouse, L., & Siegel, R. B., (2016). The Difference, a Whole Woman, Makes Protection for
the Abortion Right after Whole Woman’s Health. Yale LJF, 126, 149.
Hanschmidt, F., Linde, K., Hilbert, A., Riedel?Heller, S. G., & Kersting, A. (2016). Abortion
stigma: a systematic review. Perspectives on sexual and reproductive health, 48(4), 169177.
ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY ON ABORTION
8

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