East Texas Baptist University GE and Hudson River Cleanup Case Analysis Paper Following your preparation and participation in the class discussion and anal

East Texas Baptist University GE and Hudson River Cleanup Case Analysis Paper Following your preparation and participation in the class discussion and analysis of the GE and the Hudson River Cleanup case, write up your individual analysis of GE using Carroll’s CSR Framework. If you conduct outside research on PCBs, the EPA, Superfund, or the Hudson River Cleanup be sure to document any sources that are not listed in the course syllabus. Please avoid researching the events that occurred after the case was completed in 2016.

Use Carroll’s CSR Analysis Framework outlined on page 612 of the textbook with the minor changes discussed in class. Your paper should generally conform to the following outline.

Try to select a thesis that will result in a paper that will result in a 3-4 page double-spaced paper. If your paper exceeds five, double-spaced, pages, you will need to do some editing to reduce the length. If you need help with topics, I am willing to help you brainstorm ideas during my office hours.

Thesis of paper – This section will describe the overall issue (sub-issues/minor issues) you will analyze. I recommend you narrowly define the issue to limit the scope of your analysis
The information, data, and assumptions that are agreed upon by all stakeholders.
A brief description of the relevant stakeholders and their stakes. Make some attempt to group the stakeholders in terms of their side(s) of the issues.
CSR Analysis presented from the perspective of each stakeholder group
Economic Efficiency & Utilitarianism
Legal Responsibilities
Ethical Responsibilities (Rights, Justice, Proportionality, the Ethic of Care, Liberty and Freedom, Double Effect, etc.)
Philanthropy (and other models listed below that might further explain to or inform the reader about the Social Responsibility of Business)
The Rashomon Effect
Moral Hazard and Adverse Selection
Rational ignorance
The election cycle
Misaligned incentives
The tragedy of the commons
Market inefficiencies
Cognitive biases
The use or abuse of power (might equals right)
Evaluation of overall issue in terms of the Social Responsibility of Business
Recommendations to the organizations top leadership Guidelines for Written Assignments
Original “Guidelines for Term Papers” By Dallas Brozik (2006)
Adapted by Christopher M. Cassidy (2007, 2011, 2019)
Written assignments are a necessary evil of college life. They exist to give the student an
opportunity to practice writing the types of reports that will be required by employers. The student
should make every effort to do a respectable job on any assignment, if for no other reason than the
skills acquired will be useful in later life. Those who cannot write will need to master other job skills,
like flipping burgers and cleaning toilets. What is common with many collegiate written assignments,
unfortunately, is the poor quality of the writing. While there is certainly room for the creative
expression of ideas, many students have not yet mastered the basics of written English. Sometimes it
is impossible to determine what a student is trying to say simply because the writing is so poor. While
the quality of writing may be due in part to lack of skill or procrastination, there is also reason to blame
the lack of practice across the entire collegiate curriculum. For this reason, practice is a legitimate
reason for college writing.
At the upper division and graduate levels of college coursework, there is absolutely no excuse
for poor writing. It makes no difference where you come from or what you have done; these
rudimentary communications skills should have been mastered before graduating from high school. It
is expected that you can write correctly, and part of your grade on assignments will be determined by
your writing ability. In short, you will write correctly and effectively or you will lose points on the
paper.
No attempt is being made to dictate the fine points of writing. Feel free to express yourself in
any appropriate manner. But while there are many acceptable styles of written communication, there
are some major errors that are never allowable. These are the types of errors that will count against
your grade. Listed below are the cardinal sins and major errors that will be counted against you on
your assignments. Read this list well and understand it. Consult it frequently while writing. If you do
not understand something, ask your instructor for clarification.
This is the one and only warning you will get, and if you ignore it you will suffer the consequences.
*****
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THE CARDINAL SINS
At the minimum, cardinal sins will earn you a zero for the assignment.
Cheating and Plagiarism – Plagiarism is not allowed under any circumstances or in any form. Should
you plagiarize and be caught at it, you will suffer severe consequences. Since all written assignments
are filtered through plagiarism detection software, you will be caught if you plagiarize. Plagiarism is
not confined to copying exactly from another source. It is not sufficient to change merely a word or
two in a sentence. For the purposes of this class, if you use ideas taken from an uncited source you are
guilty of plagiarism. Ideas found in other sources must be referenced. For the purposes of this class, if
you have a string of seven words lifted directly from an uncited source you are guilty of plagiarism. If
you are incapable of writing creatively, you must at least learn to paraphrase. All material borrowed
from other sources must be properly referenced with a brief in-text citation referencing the source and
a complete reference listed at the end of your paper. Quotations must be properly punctuated and
referenced in an appropriate style. Unless you have a favorite, use the APA 6e style guide.
Late Papers – Papers are due on time. Since all assignment descriptions and deadlines are provided on
the first day of class and you literally have weeks or months to complete most assignments, there is no
excuse for late work. If you know that you will be absent the day an assignment is due, plan ahead and
complete the assignment in advance. You have plenty of warning. No excuses for late papers will be
accepted. I do not care if your dog eats your iPad or your hard drive crashes on the morning the
assignment is due, if I do not have it by the deadline, you will get a zero.
All assignments must be submitted to earn a passing grade. The truly unfair thing about late
papers and earning a zero is you still have to complete and submit the work or you will fail the course.
In my opinion, it is better to do the work on time and get credit than to have to do the work and earn
nothing.
Identify yourself and the assignment – Provide the names of all authors/contributors, the course
number, the course section, the due date, the assignment description, and a title in your assignment.
Do not depend on Blackboard to annotate your assignment with your author information. I routinely
print assignments from Blackboard. If you do not include your identifying information in the
document, you force me to play detective. If I have to play detective to figure out who submitted a
paper or what assignment the paper was intended to fulfill, I will assume you do not really want the
points.
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MAJOR ERRORS
These errors count 2% each. Five fatal errors will lower your grade one full letter. You are cautioned
to read and understand this list well. The average number of major errors for the average student on an
eight to ten page paper seems to be around twelve. That is enough to turn an “A” into a “C” or a “C”
into an “F”. If you are going to be better than average, you will have to work harder than average.
General Appearance – A paper that contains inconsistent formatting, looks sloppy, or otherwise
distracts the reader, will interfere with your intended message. Ensure your paper looks consistent
throughout. As a rule of thumb, set all defaults prior to writing your paper and check them again when
the assignment is complete. Formatting issues include: consistent margins, spacing, tabs, etc. Provide
1.25 inch margins on the left and right. The MS Word default margins are preferred because they
provide plenty of marginal space. Except for identifying information in the header, references, long
quotes, lists, tables, and figures, double space the text throughout. Include page numbers for
assignments with three or more pages. If the assignment consists of more than one sheet of paper,
staple the pages together. Do not submit a formal writing assignment unstapled, with the corner
crimped, or bound with a paper clip. Unless I provide them to you, do not use report covers. Do not
exceed maximum length restrictions. Do not stretch an assignment to reach the maximum length
unless you have something substantive to say. The fluff and filler used by some students to reach
maximum length restrictions will generally detract from an otherwise good paper. Each occurrence
that detracts from the general appearance counts as a separate error.
Misspelling – This includes improper hyphenation, misuse of homophones, and the use of archaic
forms of words. It is best to have a good dictionary by your side at all times. Turn on the spell check
function of your word processor using the most restrictive settings. Even if you use a word processor
with a spelling checker, you will still have to check your work. Homophones are words that look or
sound alike but are used differently. Because homophones are similar, they are commonly
interchanged or misused. For example, the computer will recognize the homophones “to”, “too”, and
“two” as proper spellings no matter where they appear in the text. Another frequent mistake is
substitution of the words “there,” “their”, and “they’re.” When people lose their jobs, it is sometimes
called a “layoff” (noun, one word). The managers who make the decision choose to “lay off” (verb,
two words) the workers. Make sure you know the difference between other commonly confused words
such as personal and personnel, affect and effect, capital and capitol, and principle and principal. If
you use a grammar checker, you still will have to be careful; even grammar checkers can make
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mistakes and miss errors. The writer bears the final responsibility for spelling. Each occurrence of a
misspelling counts as a separate error.
Typographical Errors – These are regarded as misspellings. Check your work carefully.
Contractions, Abbreviations, and Acronyms – Contractions do not belong in formal reports. Do not
use contractions unless they are part of a direct quote. Any abbreviation or acronym must be properly
spelled out on its first usage. If your paper includes more than 10 different abbreviations or acronyms,
provide an exhibit at the end of your paper that defines all of them in one place.
Run-on Sentences – If you are going to use a compound sentence structure, the independent clauses
must be separated by proper punctuation and a coordinating conjunction if required.
Sentence Fragments – Sentences require both a subject and verb. Some forms of creative writing
might relax this requirement, but this is not creative writing; this is formal business writing. You will
tend to make this error if you use a lot of compound sentences.
In general, a sentence should convey only one idea. If you are trying to convey more than one idea,
you will tend to write long complex sentences. Sometimes the careless writer will make the second
independent clause a sentence fragment. If you tend to commit this error, err on the side of safety and
reduce the complexity of your sentences.
Paragraphs That Run an Entire Page – Keep paragraphs reasonably short. A paragraph is meant to
convey several ideas that complete one thought. A typical paragraph will be four to eight sentences
long. This means that there will be between two and four paragraphs on a page. Be careful of overly
long sentences and paragraphs. Avoid paragraphs with 10 or more sentences.
Single Sentence Paragraphs – A paragraph that is one sentence long either tries to do too much in one
sentence or should be part of another paragraph. This type of paragraph is often a very long run-on
sentence.
Subject Verb Agreement – This refers to mistakes such as “They is…” and “She are…”. This type of
error is offensive to the eye and the ear. You are most likely to make this kind of error if you are
writing a complex sentence with a number of subordinate clauses. For example, “The director of one
of the country’s largest corporations that specializes in the manufacture of consumer specialty goods
is…” has a singular subject (“director”) and requires a singular verb (“is” instead of “are”) even though
“…goods is…” looks and sounds funny. Complex sentences can get you into trouble, so be careful.
You need to use them to give your writing a little life, but they are dangerous to the careless writer.
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Incorrect or Unclear Antecedents – When you use a pronoun, it refers to another noun somewhere
else in the text. This relationship must be unambiguous and correctly stated. Consider the following
sentences:
“Bankers, state and local government officials, and members of the general public are all
working together in an effort to prevent the possible failure of a number of savings and loan
institutions from damaging the financial infrastructure of this nation. They feel that some of
their current work may actually hasten these failures.”
Exactly who is the “they” and “their” in the second sentence? The relationship is not at all clear. This
makes it impossible to tell who is doing what to whom. This type of error can be avoided by avoiding
pronouns or using them sparingly. Every time you use a “he”, “she”, “it”, or “they” you must be sure
that there is absolutely no doubt to whom or what the pronoun refers. You should refer to a company
or an organization as “it”. Companies are singular and never referred to as “he” or “she”. Do not start
a paragraph with a sentence whose subject is a pronoun.
Tone: Formal business communications should be written in the third person and past tense. Do not
use any first person pronouns (“I”, “we”, “me”, “us”, “our”) or second person pronouns (“you”, “your”)
except in quotations.
Exhibits including Appendices, Figures, Pictures, Tables, etc. – You are expected to provide data
and evidence to support your analysis and arguments. Such data must be presented sequentially and
logically. In research papers, you are required to provide that supporting evidence in exhibits placed
either at the end of the paper or embedded within the text. Introduce exhibits in the text in sequential
order. If you find that your exhibits are not in the same order as they are introduced, fix the order. If
the exhibit is not needed, discussed, and explained in the text, it doesn’t belong in your paper. Your
analysis or argument should be complete prior to the conclusions and recommendations section of your
paper. No new information or exhibits may be introduced in the final section of the paper where
recommendations are made or you draw your conclusions. All exhibits must support your analysis,
and the recommendation section must stand by itself.
Be sure to mention any assumptions that are relevant to the exhibits either in the text, in the
exhibit, or in both locations. Be sure every exhibit is followed by an appropriate citation and is listed
in the reference section. You may include the exhibits before or after the references but should arrange
them in the order specified by the style guide you select.
One comment on photographs is worth mentioning. The cliché that a picture is worth a
thousand words may be true of art but is rarely true in formal reports. Include pictures only when their
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inclusion enhances understanding by the reader. For instance, a picture of an airplane on the cover of a
report about an aircraft producer is of questionable or minimal value. Most readers can recognize an
aircraft so a photo does not provide anything new for the reader. On the other hand, photos of
manufacturing assembly lines, design schematics, or unique forms of marketing that are necessary for
the reader to understand the discussion or your analysis might be both valuable and essential.
Repetitive or Weak Structures – Some writers seem to start every sentence the same way. That is
one sure way to put the reader to sleep. Many people tend to start sentences with “Although…” or
“Also,…” or some other indirect form. This is a very weak style and makes for dull reading. Try to
start sentences (at least those which begin paragraphs) with subjects. Under this error type, the
following specific items will count as 2% errors.
1. Beginning a sentence with an adverb followed by a comma is forbidden, such as
“Recently,…”. This error includes forms like “However, …” and “Therefore, …”.
2. Use of the word “also” is forbidden. “Also” is a very fine four letter word, but students tend
to over use it.
Parallel Construction – There are times when repetitive structures are useful. When you compose
compound sentences, or are making comparisons across different sentences or paragraphs, use parallel
construction. Parallel construction clarifies the communication of complex ideas and helps the reader
follow your thoughts more easily. But be sure to balance the use of parallel construction used to
enhance understanding with repetition that would otherwise put a reader to sleep. When balancing the
competing needs for repetition and clarity, write for clarity.
Ambiguous Time References – It is essential to be precise with time references. Research papers and
consultant reports are typically retained and reread many months or years after being published.
Substitute the use of time references such as, “currently”, “last year”, “in the next quarter” with
references to specific dates, such as “On 1 January 2020,…”. This ensures that future readers will
understand time references and not have to conduct research and compute your intended dates.
Inappropriate Phrases and Poor Word Choice – This is a catchall for poor wording. Business
communications use formal English exclusive of slang, regional dialects, and modern colloquialisms.
There are some phrases that are never appropriate in report writing. For example, no person or
company is ever “looking to” do anything. Do not use rhetorical questions: they insult the intelligence
of the reader and waste space. The only question marks in a formal report (if any) should be in direct
quotations. Under this error type, the following items will count as 2% errors.
1. Use of ordinal adverbs is forbidden. This means words like “firstly”, “secondly”, …. , and
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“lastly” are proscribed.
2. Use of any form of the verb “to look” is forbidden unless it pertains to the use of the eyes. It
is incorrect to write that “People are looking to accomplish their goals.”
3. Use of any form of the word “current” is forbidden, unless you are writing about the flow of
water or electric current. This means that the word “currently” is proscribed.
4. Use of the word “obvious” is forbidden. The truth of the matter is that nothing is ever
obvious. There is always something that you do not know. When you start describing
things as obvious, you are guilty of hubris. You will not do that in your writing.
5. The word “impact” is a noun, not a verb. Only over aged yuppies would use the word as a
verb, and you will not do so.
6. Be careful when describing measurement concepts. A “number” of things can be counted,
like the number of books of a shelf. An “amount” of things can be measured, like the
amount of knowledge in those books. You do not have a “number of water in a glass” nor
do you have an “amount of dollars in your wallet”. Consider which is appropriate with
commodities like rice, which cannot in practice be counted but which can be measured in
pounds. This means you will treat “rice” differently from “pounds of rice.” Be especially
careful when measuring people or capital. Be careful to use measurement concepts
correctly and precisely.
Should other forbidden phrases be noticed, you will be informed of them in class.
There are many fine points of writing that are open to interpretation. In these cases, you will
receive the benefit of the doubt, but you could lose points if you become unreasonable.
1. Be careful about the use of commas. There are several rules for comma use and several
areas open to interpretation. In those areas where you have discretion, it is easy to get
carried away. When in doubt use the guidelines provided by the Business Communications
faculty in BUAD 3335.
2. Avoid the use of endnotes to clarify facts or analysis that should have been included in the
text of your paper (footnotes are forbidden).
3. Unless you have a strong desire to use another format, use the APA 6e citation format for
your bibliography and in-text citations.
4. Margins and fonts must be reasonable, too. This typically means either the MS Word
defaults or 1.25″ margins all around. Do not adapt the margins to influence paper length!
The exception to this requirement is that I would prefer everyone to compose papers that do
not unnecessarily waste paper. If you can save a sheet of paper by eliminating unnecessary
blank spaces, please do so. (Let’s try to save the planet everywhere we can.)
5. The font should be either a standard serif (Times Roman) or sans serif (Arial or Courier)
variety. Do not get cute with all those neat little fonts you find on the computer. Your
intent is clarity of communication, not entertainment.
6. Assignment length: I typically do not …
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