BIO 202L Straighterline University Respiratory System Lab Report I have uploaded the files below they contain questions on them from anatomy physiology 2 l

BIO 202L Straighterline University Respiratory System Lab Report I have uploaded the files below they contain questions on them from anatomy physiology 2 labs Lab 13 The Respiratory System
BIO202L
Student Name: Click here to enter text.
Access Code (located on the lid of your lab kit): Click here to enter text.
Pre-Lab Questions
”1. Name two functions of the nasal cavity mucosa.”
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”2. Why is the trachea reinforced with cartilaginous rings? ”
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”3. Describe the path a molecule of oxygen takes to get to body tissue, starting with the nares. ”
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”4. What is asthma? ”
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Experiment 1: Microscopic Anatomy of the Respiratory System
Table 1: Experimental Observations
Respiratory Image
Description of Visible Structure(s)
Trachea
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Lung
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Post-Lab Questions
”1. Label the arrows in the slide images below. ”
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B- Click here to enter text.
C- Click here to enter text.
D- Click here to enter text.
E- Click here to enter text.
F- Click here to enter text.
G- Click here to enter text.
H- Click here to enter text.
Lab 13 The Respiratory System
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Lab 13 The Respiratory System
”2. What structural features of alveoli make them an ideal place for gas exchange? ”
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”3. Why is mucus present in the trachea? ”
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”4. What is the specific function of the cilia on the walls of the trachea? ”
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Experiment 2: Virtual Model – The Respiratory System
Insert screenshot of the epiglottis:
Insert screenshot of the middle lobe of the lung:
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Lab 13 The Respiratory System
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Insert screenshot of the nasal caviy:
Post-Lab Questions
”1. How many diaphragm(s) exist in the human body? ”
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”2. Does deoxygenated blood become oxygenated in the upper respiratory tract, the lungs, or
the diaphragm? ”
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”3. Is the trachea superior or inferior to the diaphragm? ”
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4. Which component is more medial: the right lung or the tracheal bifurcation?
Lab 13 The Respiratory System
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”5. What is the most inferiorly located organ of the respiratory system? ”
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Experiment 3: Understanding Lung Mechanics
Table 2: Understanding Lung Mechanics Observations
Squeezed Bottle Observations (Step 3) Released Bottle Observations (Step 4)
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Post-Lab Questions
”1. What happens to the balloon? Why? ”
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”2. What would happen if the seal at the base of the bottle leaked? ”
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”3. What causes a collapsed lung? ”
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”4. Is a collapsed lung functional? Why or why not? ”
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Experiment 4: Spirometry
Patient A
Table 1: Patient A Spirometry Data
FVC
FEV1
FEV1/FVC
Predicted Values
Resting Value
Exercise Value
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Observations of spirometry graph shapes: Click here to enter text.
Patient B
Table 2: Patient B Spirometry Data
Lab 13 The Respiratory System
FVC
FEV1
FEV1/FVC
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Predicted Values
Resting Value
Exercise Value
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Observations of spirometry graph shapes: Click here to enter text.
Patient C
Table 3: Patient C Spirometry Data
FVC
FEV1
FEV1/FVC
Predicted Values
Resting Value
Exercise Value
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Observations of spirometry graph shapes: Click here to enter text.
Patient D
Table 4: Patient D Spirometry Data
FVC
FEV1
FEV1/FVC
Predicted Values
Resting Value
Exercise Value
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Observations of spirometry graph shapes: Click here to enter text.
Patient E
Table 5: Patient E Spirometry Data
Lab 13 The Respiratory System
FVC
FEV1
FEV1/FVC
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Predicted Values
Resting Value
Exercise Value
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Observations of spirometry graph shapes: Click here to enter text.
Post-Lab Questions
1. Based on the results of the spirometry test, is Patient A effectively managing his asthma
symptoms with his inhaler medication? Explain your answer using the data collected during the
test.
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2. Based on the results of the spirometry test, is Patient B suffering from asthma? Explain your
answer using the data collected during the test.
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3. Based on the results of the spirometry test, does Patient C qualify for lung surgery? Explain your
answer using the data collected during the test. Answer should be in terms of physiology and
not simply a list of types of injuries.
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4. Based on the results of the spirometry test, what do you think is the cause of Patient D’s
respiratory symptoms? Explain your answer using the data collected during the test. Conduct
your own external research if necessary.
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5. Based on the results of the spirometry test, is Patient E suffering from asthma? Explain your
answer using the data collected during the test.
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6. What are some potential drawbacks to relying on spirometry to diagnose respiratory
conditions? Conduct your own external research if necessary.
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Experiment 5: Fetal Pig Dissection: The Respiratory System
Lab 13 The Respiratory System
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Post-Lab Questions
”1. Describe the interior lining of the trachea. ”
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”2. Were there many or few vessels serving as conduits between the lungs and the heart? Why
is this important? ”
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”3. Describe the function of the diaphragm during inhalation and exhalation. ”
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”Insert photo of your pig’s exposed lungs with your name and access code handwritten clearly in
the background: “
Lab 17 Nutrition
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Student Name: Click here to enter text.
Access Code (located on the lid of your lab kit): Click here to enter text.
Pre-Lab Questions:
”1. How do the intake of nutrients and expenditure of energy relate to a metabolic level?”
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”2. Do you think you take in more calories than you burn in a day? Why or why not? ”
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Experiment 1: Tracking Your Nutrition
Macronutrient Graph Screenshot:
”Analysis: Click here to enter text.
Experiment 2: Testing for Reducing Sugars
Table 1. Testing for Proteins Results
Sample
Initial Color
Hypothesis
(Protein +/-)
Final Color
Protein
Present?
Albumin (1)
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Gelatin (2)
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Lab 17 Nutrition
Sample
Initial Color
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Hypothesis
(Protein +/-)
Final Color
Protein
Present?
Glucose (3)
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Water (4)
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Table 2. Testing for Reducing Sugars Results
Sample
Initial Color
Hypothesis
(Reducing Sugar
+/-)
Final Color
Reducing
Sugar Present?
Potato (1)
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Onion (2)
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Glucose (3)
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Water (4)
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Table 3. Testing for Starch Results
Hypothesis
(Starch +/-)
Final Color
Potato (1)
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Onion (2)
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Sample
Initial Color
Starch
Present?
Lab 17 Nutrition
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Hypothesis
(Starch +/-)
Final Color
Starch (3)
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Water (4)
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Sample
Initial Color
Starch
Present?
Table 4. Testing an Unknown – Proteins
Initial Color
Hypothesis
(Protein +/-)
Final Color
Positive Control (1):
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Negative Control (2):
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Sample
Unknown (3)
Protein
Present?
Table 5. Testing an Unknown – Reducing Sugars
Initial Color
Hypothesis
(Reducing
Sugar +/-)
Final Color
Reducing
Sugar
Present?
Positive Control (1):
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to enter
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Negative Control (2):
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Sample
Lab 17 Nutrition
Sample
Unknown (3)
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Initial Color
Hypothesis
(Reducing
Sugar +/-)
Final Color
Reducing
Sugar
Present?
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Table 6. Testing an Unknown – Starch
NOTE: Before filling in this table, take a screenshot of your test tubes to include at the
end of this document.
Initial Color
Hypothesis
(Starch +/-)
Final Color
Positive Control (1):
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Negative Control (2):
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Sample
Unknown
Starch
Present?
Post-Lab Questions
”1. Write a statement to explain the molecular composition of the unknown solution based on the
results obtained during testing with each reagent. ”
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”2. What can you conclude about the molecular make-up of potatoes and onions based on the tests you
performed? Why might these foods contain these substances? ”
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”3. What results would you expect if you tested ribose, a monosaccharide, with Benedict’s solution?
What results would you expect if you tested it with IKI? ”
Lab 17 Nutrition
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”4. Diet and nutrition are closely linked to the study of biomolecules. How should you monitor your food
intake to insure the cells in your body have the materials necessary to function? ”
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”Insert a screenshot of your test tubes after the starch test from “Testing An Unknown”: ”
Lab 12 The Lymphatic System
Student Name: Click here to enter text.
Access Code (located on the lid of your lab kit): Click here to enter text.
Pre-Lab Questions:
”1. In what areas are lymph nodes clustered? Why is this desirable?”
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”2. Explain how the flow of lymph is controlled through lymphatic vessels. ”
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Experiment 1: Examining the Microscopic Anatomy of Lymphatic System
Post-Lab Questions
”1. Label the items in the following slide pictures based on your observations. ”
A- Click here to enter text.
B- Click here to enter text.
C- Click here to enter text.
D- Click here to enter text.
E- Click here to enter text.
F- Click here to enter text.
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Lab 12 The Lymphatic System
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Lab 12 The Lymphatic System
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”2. Are there more afferent or efferent vessels attached to a lymph node? What is the functional
purpose of this? ”
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”3. What structural similarities did you observe between the lymph node and spleen? ”
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Experiment 2: The Virtual Model – The Lymphatic System
Insert screenshot of the spleen:
Lab 12 The Lymphatic System
Insert screenshot of the thoracic duct:
Insert screenshot of the axillar lymph node:
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Lab 12 The Lymphatic System
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Post-Lab Questions
”1. Is the cisterna chyli or the spleen more medial to the spinal cord? ”
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”2. What is the name of the most superior lymph nodes in the head region? ”
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”3. Where are the popliteal nodes located? ”
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”4. What are the most inferior lymph nodes in the body called? ”
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”5. What component of the lymphatic system filters lymph from the upper limbs and upper external
prat of the thorax?
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Experiment 3: Fetal Pig Dissection: The Lymphatic System
”Insert photo of your pig’s exposed spleen with your name and access code handwritten clearly in the
background: “
Lab 12 The Lymphatic System
Post-Lab Questions
1. What observations did you make regarding the lymphatic system of the fetal pig?
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2. Compare and contrast the vessels of the lymphatic system and the circulatory system.
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Lab 11 The Circulatory System
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Student Name: Click here to enter text.
Access Code (located on the lid of your lab kit): Click here to enter text.
Pre-Lab Questions:
”1. Describe the pathway of blood traveling through the closed system of the circulatory system starting
with the right atrium.”
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Alternatively, you may also draw a map of blood traveling through the closed circulatory system and
insert it below
”2. What are the main resistance vessels of the circulatory system? How are they controlled? ”
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Experiment 1: Microscopic Examination of Blood Vessels
Post-Lab Questions
”1. Label each of the items in the following slide pictures based on your observations. ”
Lab 11 The Circulatory System
A- Click here to enter text.
B- Click here to enter text.
C- Click here to enter text.
D- Click here to enter text.
E- Click here to enter text.
F- Click here to enter text.
G- Click here to enter text.
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Lab 11 The Circulatory System
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”2. What differences did you observe in the structure of an artery versus the structure of a vein? ”
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”3. Explain the direction of blood flow and the type of blood (oxygenated or deoxygenated) found in
each vessel in the pulmonary and systemic circuits. ”
Vessel
Direction
State of Blood
Artery
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Arteriole
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Pulmonary Artery
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Capillary
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Lab 11 The Circulatory System
Venule
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Vein
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Pulmonary Vein
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”4. Which vessels allow diffusion of oxygen and nutrients across their cell layers? ”
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”5. List the vessels in order of ascending pressure within the circulatory system. ”
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Experiment 2: Virtual Model – The Circulatory System
Insert screenshot of the descending aorta:
Insert screenshot of the brachial veins:
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Lab 11 The Circulatory System
Insert screenshot of the femoral artery:
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Lab 11 The Circulatory System
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Post-Lab Questions
”1. In what body region does the aorta originate? ”
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”2. What organ does the renal artery supply?”
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”3. What branch of the external carotid artery supplies the chin/jaw region with blood?
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4. Is the common iliac artery anterior or posterior to the common iliac vein?
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”5. What is the name of the artery in the pelvic region that directly feeds into the femoral artery?
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Experiment 3: Blood Pressure
Table 2: Blood Pressure and Pulse Readings
Activity
Blood Pressure
(Systolic/Diastolic; mmHg)
Pulse (beats/minute)
Basal (Normal)
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Lying Down
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After Exercise
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Post-Lab Questions
”1. What is systolic pressure? Diastolic pressure? ”
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”2. Why is pressure a sensible reading to measure circulatory health? ”
Lab 11 The Circulatory System
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”3. Explain the “lub-dub” sounds of the heartbeat. ”
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”4. Why do blood pressure and heart rate change after exercise? ”
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”5. How might the results in Table 2 change if someone else preformed the activities? Why? ”
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”6. Why is it important for blood to flow in only one direction? ”
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Experiment 4: Fetal Pig Dissection: The Circulatory System
Post-Lab Questions
”1. What is the process that is responsible for moving molecules from an area of high concentration to
an area of low concentration? In what part of the circulatory system does this happen? ”
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”2. What observations did you make about the fetal pig’s circulatory system? ”
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”Insert photo of your pig’s exposed heart, aorta, and jugular vein with your name and access code
handwritten clearly in the background: “
Lab 11 The Circulatory System
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