American Commercial College Vitamin K Nutrition Multiple Choice Questions please help with the below questions. If you have any question ;please let me kno

American Commercial College Vitamin K Nutrition Multiple Choice Questions please help with the below questions. If you have any question ;please let me know Vitamin K Deficiency Bleeding (VKDB) is almost exclusively seen in
infants.
late term
Premature
Breastfed
Formula fed
The fat-soluble vitamin that is composed of a chromanol ring with an attached phytyl
side chain is:
Vitamin E
Vitamin A
Vitamin K
Vitamin D
Breastfed infants are at higher risk to develop Vitamin K Deficient Bleeding (VKDB) if
the Vitamin K shot was not given at birth because:
Mothers of breastfed infants are at risk to be Vitamin K deficient
Breast milk has only 1/100 the amount of Vitamin K as formula
Formula fed infants consume more kcalories which protects from VKDB
Breast milk has only half the amount of Vitamin K as formula
Refining of grains removes the germ layer, which has a significant impact on the vitamin
content of the food.
Vitamin E
Vitamin K
Vitamin D
Vitamin A
Milk is fortified with 2.5ug Vitamin D per cup of milk. How many cups of milk would it
take to consume the RDA for Vitamin D?
6
8
4
2
The relative amount of alpha-tocopherol in the American diet is declining due to a
displacement by gamma-tocopherol due to the:
B and C
oxidation of fatty acids in polyunsaturated fats
abundance of corn in our food supply
abundance of soy in our food supply
all of the above
One function of Vitamin A is to promote cellular differentiation. Which of the following
symptoms of Vitamin A deficiency is the result of improper differentiation?
orange coloration of the skin
dry skin and eyes
glossitis
night blindness
With respect to stereochemistry, substituents in the natural (not synthetic) form of a-
tocopherol exist in which formation?
RSS
Any of these formations
RSR
RRR
SSS
Which childhood disease was likely the first caused by environmental pollution?
Osteomalacia
Hemolysis
Xeropthalmia
Rickets
What is the compound in the skin that gets activated by exposure to sunlight to
generate Vitamin D?
25 hydroxycholecalciferol
1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol
cholecalciferol
7-dehydrocholesterol
Premature infants who develop anemia due to hemolysis, are likely to be deficient in
which fat-soluble vitamin?
Vitamin A
Vitamin K
Vitamin E
Vitamin D
Which of the following factors inhibits Vitamin D synthesis in the skin?
Summer
Light colored skin
None of the above
Sunscreen
The hydroxylation of 25-hydroxycholecalciferol to 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol occurs
in the:
Intestine
Liver
Kidney
All of the above
In skim milk, which of the following nutrients is added back after being lost in the
skimming process?
Vitamin D
Vitamin A
none of the above
Vitamin A and D
Which infants should receive Vitamin K shots at birth?
Those born to mothers who had been taking anticoagulation medication during
pregnancy
Those who will be breastfed
All infants
Those who will be formula fed
Fat soluble vitamins get packaged into
enterocyte into the lymphatic system.
for transport out of the
Chylomicrons
Micelles
All of the above
Lipoproteins
IL
There are over 600 different carotenoids. What percentage of these have known
vitamin A activity?
10
100
50
75
Which step in the Vitamin K cycle is inhibited by warfarin?
Reduction of Vitamin K 2,3-epoxide
Reduction of Vitamin K
Oxidation of dihydroquinone
Decarboxylation of dihydroquinone
Cooking vegetables
absorption of carotenoids.
decreases
increases
none of the above
does not impact
Vitamin A binds to opsin in the rods in which form?
lycopene
11-cis-retinal
all-trans-retinol
all-trans-retinal
The primary biochemical function of Vitamin K is to facilitate:
posttranslational modification of glutamate residues
carboxylation of glutamate residues to make Gla-proteins
calcium binding to glutamate residues
All of the above
Vitamin A functions by binding to nuclear receptor proteins. The heterodimer that binds
to the retinoic acid response element to activate transcription of vitamin A-dependent
genes is:
RAR:RAR
RXR:VDR
RAR:RXR
RXR:RXR
Which two nutrients are required for regeneration of the reduced form of Vitamin E?
Vitamin C, vitamin A
Vitamin C, selenium
Vitamin A, selenium
Vitamin C, Vitamin A
The hydroxylation of 25-hydroxycholecalciferol to 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol occurs
in the:
Intestine
Liver
Kidney
All of the above
Which wavelength of light activates 7-dehydrocholesterol in the skin?
UVA
gamma
UVB
infrared
Which is the active form of Vitamin D?
1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol
cholecalciferol
25-hydroxycholecalciferol
24,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol
Which of the following would inhibit hydroxylation of Vitamin D to its active form?
Hypophosphatemia
Hypocalcemia
Hypercalcemia
All of the above
When Vitamin D binds to Vitamin D nuclear receptors, the impact is to effect
transcription of genes related to maintenance of
homeostasis.
Vitamin D
Calcium
Potassium
Sodium
The three primary organs targeted by Vitamin D are:
Liver, kidney, intestine
Bone, liver, intestine
Bone, intestine, kidney
Bone, liver, kidney
Vitamin D exerts an impact on calcium absorption in the intestine by inducing
transcription of genes involved in:
Calcium excretion
Vitamin D excretion
Calcium absorption
Vitamin D absorption
IL
What is the posttranslational modification that requires a vitamin K-dependent enzyme?
methylation
phosphorylation
carboxylation
biatinxlatian

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