Classical Liberalism Political Economy of Pollution & Environment Discussion Summarize how the respective political economic school of thought perceives th

Classical Liberalism Political Economy of Pollution & Environment Discussion Summarize how the respective political economic school of thought perceives the issue (chosen from chapters cover by the discussion) and then consider current policies (not limited to the United States BUT you must be able to cite a source in all cases) that would fit within Lowi’s typology (distributive, regulatory, self-regulatory, and distributive). You will then discuss whether the policies/program you choose would either be supported by the respective perspective or not. List one policy for each category of Lowi’s typology although if you cannot think of a self-regulatory policy that is fine. Remember that the policies listed MUST be consistent with the political economic theory. For example, since the typology was developed using modern liberal policies for the most part you could include contemporary policies that classical liberals would be opposed, but you would need to clarify why. Social Psychology final paper
Due: 11:59 pm, Monday, August 3rd, 2020 via Brightspace
Percentage of Final Grade: 19%
Please read this instruction carefully. You need all the information that is mentioned in
this instruction if you want to get a good mark on this assignment.
Goal: The purpose of this assignment is to develop your analytical skills and the ability
to think critically. 1) An essay gives you the chance to demonstrate and
explore a particular subject to convince the reader that you can present a
logical flow of thoughts. 2) A well-written paper usually reveals good
knowledge about the topic, meaning that you need to do extensive research on
the topic. 3) It is necessary to find evidence that will support your essay claim
to convince the readers.
Choosing a topic
An important part of this assignment is choosing a topic. The purpose of this part of the
assignment is to have you think about your social world and apply the theories and
concepts that you have learned in this course to your social environment.
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You will select a topic related to a current social issue that you are interested in it
and write a 7-8 pages paper using concepts, theories and models you have learned
in class, supplemented by your outside research.
Steps to choose a topic:
1) First, choose a broad topic that interests you generally. For example, you may be
interested in the topic of “discrimination”
2) Read the related part in the book to gain some more information about this topic
and then narrow down your topic, for example after reading the chapter you may feel
like you are interested in the topic of “discrimination against women”.
3) This topic is still very broad and vague, but now that you have narrowed down
your topic to a more specific issue, you can really start to think about what you want
to know and what you want to write about, giving you topic some more detail and
context. For example, you may think that you want to write about the discrimination
against women in the organizations.
4) This is still a broad topic and does not provide many details, now you should use
google scholar to search this topic and find a few related articles and get some ideas.
Read the abstract of those articles to find some new ideas. For example, you may get
an idea to write about why the number of women in leadership roles are much fewer
than the number of men in leadership positions in across organizations. And you can
make this topic even narrower if you do some research about it.
(do not use this specific example as your paper topic, think of your own topic)
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The most important point about choosing a topic is that you can use some of the
social psychology concepts and theories that you have learnt about them in the
course, in your paper. Therefore, before starting to write about a chosen topic,
think carefully that if you can use some of the social psychology theories and
concepts in your analysis of the topic or not.
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Note that your essay subject must be detailed. It is important to choose a detailed
and specific topic, do not choose topics that are too general and very broad. Do
not choose a whole field of research as your paper topic.
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If you were not sure about your topic, you should consult me about your topic
before writing about it. Please note that if you choose a broad topic instead of a
detailed and specific topic, you will automatically lose 30% of your grade and
your paper will be marked out of 70% of the assignment worth instead of 100%.
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Try to pick an issue you care about; it will make writing the paper a more
enjoyable task and improve the quality of your work.
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Your essay will ultimately answer the following questions regarding your chosen
topic:
o What is the social issue you’ve chosen?
o Why is it important to you?
o What are the reasons the issue exists? What are its background and
historical/social context?
o What is the solution?
Resources for writing your paper
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In academia, any well-written essay will rely heavily on the use of scholarly
sources. Mainly peer-reviewed journal articles. Because of this, you need to use
and adequately cite scholarly sources in this assignment.
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Scholarly sources can be found by searching the university library database:
http://www.smu.ca/academics/the-patrick-power-library.html
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You should use at least three peer-reviewed articles that are published in
academic journals during 2010-2020. This is the minimum requirement for your
paper, using more academic resources improves the quality of your paper, and
you will get a better mark.
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Besides using the three mandatory peer-reviewed articles that are published after
2010, you can use any number of an academic article from any time, before or
after 2010 if you needed.
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Make sure that your chosen articles are published in peer-reviewed journals. If
you were not sure if the journal is peer-reviewed or not, google the name of the
journal and read about it to know if it is a credible academic journal or not.
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Please note that website articles, magazines, and books are not peer-reviewed
journal articles. You can use other resources such as academic books in addition
to the journal mentioned above articles but try to avoid non-academic sources
such as non-academic website articles, blogs, Wikipedia, and magazines.
Formatting:
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Your paper should be no longer than eight pages and not shorter than seven pages
(not including a cover page, reference list, and the abstract).
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An abstract is not required, but you may add an abstract if you wanted.
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Your font must be 12-point Times New Roman
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Your paper should be done in APA format (APA 7). A guide to which can be
found here:
o https://owl.purdue.edu/owl/research_and_citation/apa_style/apa_formattin
g_and_style_guide/general_format.html
Check the link above to learn how to
1. Create a title page.
2. General page format, line and paragraph spacing, when to align the paragraphs
and when not to, when to use space before starting a new paragraph.
3. In-text citation (a. for one author, b. for two authors, c. for three or more authors)
4. for citation in parentheses at the end of the sentence or citation at the beginning of
the sentence, out of parentheses.
5. Difference between In-text citations for a direct quote and a paraphrased sentence.
6. How to format the reference list
7. Reference list for different sources (journal articles, books, edited books, and
other resources)
etc.
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20% of your grade would be for exact APA formatting.
Citations:
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You must CITE ALL OF YOUR SOURCES, including the textbook.
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All citations and your reference list should be formatted in the APA Style
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You are not allowed to use quotations except to a maximum of two sentences
throughout your paper.
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You must paraphrase everything that you are using from other sources. Do not
copy and paste from other sources, this is plagiarism, even if you cite the source it
is still plagiarism. (unless you use quotation which you are not allowed to use in
this paper)
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Paraphrasing too closely to the source is also a form of plagiarism, you must read
the information, and then write what you learned with your own words.
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Cite any information that you learned from other sources, and you want to use it
in your paper. Do not assume that some information is general knowledge,
nothing is general knowledge in an academic paper, and it belongs to somebody
who has published that information.
For example, consider this simple sentence: “implicit discrimination is very
common in today societies” You may think this is general knowledge, and you
don’t need to cite it. But how do you know implicit discrimination is very
common? Have you done the research and showed it? If not, then you must cite
and show where did you find this information, or it would be assumed that either
you just made this up or you are plagiarizing someone else’s work.
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Do not leave a big paragraph with only one citation. You must cite after every few
sentences, even if you are using the same source in a paragraph. Otherwise, it
means that only the last sentence of the paragraph is from the cited source, and the
rest is your own work if not cited, which would be plagiarism since you are
actually using other people’s work.
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If you are unsure about whether or not a citation needs to be included, just cite it
anyway. Marks are never lost for over-citation, and you will never be accused of
plagiarism for citing too much.
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Remember, you must include a list of references at the end of the paper.
TIP: The Saint Mary’s Writing Centre is a great resource for developing your essay
writing skills. Their website features handouts on how to structure papers, as well
as the option to book an appointment on campus with a tutor for free:
http://www.smu.ca/academics/writing-centre-student-services.html
The writing center is offering online appointments during the pandemic situation. Use it
to improve your paper and, consequently, your grade.
Writing Your Paper:
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You may use introduction, body, and conclusion headlines to emphasize different
sections of your paper, but this is not mandatory. Although when someone reads
your paper, they should easily recognize these sections in your paper.
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This is a formal paper. It should be written in complete sentences and paragraphs
with a formal language. Avoid using a personal tone and avoid using sentences
that start with “I or We.”
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If you absolutely needed to use first person language, for instance to explain your
personal experience, keep it limited to only one short paragraph.
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Proofread your paper, grammar and vocabulary mistakes indicate that you haven’t
paid enough attention, and they will impact your mark heavily.
Step 1: Preparing your materials
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Once you have chosen a social issue, you must research your chosen topic before
starting to write about it.
o Your research should help you answer the questions listed above.
▪
Find more about the background of the issue
▪
Find concepts, methodologies and theories from the textbook that
apply to it.
▪
Search online and at the Library for articles, books, etc. that
expand your knowledge.
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Next, you will want to develop an outline. An outline doesn’t have to be handed
in, but it will help make writing your essay a less tedious task. Having an outline
will help you plan how you want to present the information you’ve uncovered in
your research.
o When outlining your paper, you will want to make a note of what you
want to include in the body of your essay and where.
o Writing your ideas in bullet-point form can make organizing your thoughts
much easier.
o Make a note of any quotes, statistics, ideas from the sources you’ve read
that you think will back up what you are trying to say.
▪
These are the pieces of information you will end up citing in your
essay.
Step 2: Writing the essay
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When you have all the information you need and know what you want to say, you
can begin to write. Your paper should include at least three main parts. Your
paper should include at least three main parts. An introduction, body and
conclusion. You can add other parts to your paper as you see fit (such as
discussion, limitations, etc.)
o An Introduction:
▪
Introduce your topic. This is where you will describe the social
issue you have chosen and why you have chosen it.
▪
Provide general background information on the issue that will help
readers understand the topic more.
▪
It is recommended to write your introduction after you finished
your paper. It is better to start with the discussion and conclusion
first.
o Body:
▪
This is the “meat” of your essay, where you use the research you
have done to your chosen topic
▪
Use critical thinking to describe how your topic relates to social
psychology concepts, methodologies, or theories that have been
discussed in class or that you have found in your research.
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▪
This is how you will explain why the issue exists.
Propose any possible solutions to the issue you have thought of
throughout your research.
o A Conclusion:
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Never introduce new ideas to your conclusion.
▪
Summarize your discussion in a few succinct sentences and review
the main points you have made.
Handing in the paper:
Save your paper in word format (Docx) and upload it in the related dropbox folder on the
Brightspace. Please do not upload any other format. Any other format (including pdf or
Apple formats) will be rejected, and you will not receive a mark.
Name your file as this: First name Last name
Don’t forget to write your name on the first page of your paper (in the title page)
Do not send your paper via email; it will not be accepted; upload it in the dropbox on the
brightspace.
Late submission policy:
You are expected to submit your final paper on or before the assigned due date (11:59
pm, Monday, August 3rd, 2020, via Brightspace).
Papers submitted in the first 24 hours after the due date will receive a 15% grade
deduction.
Papers submitted in the second 24 hours after the due date will receive a 50% grade
deduction.
Papers submitted after 48 hours will receive no grade.
Read the following parts very carefully and do not skim it quickly. Better to spend a
few minutes to learn what is expected from you and how to avoid plagiarism rather
than being sorry later.
Avoiding Plagiarism
All the papers will be checked for plagiarism. Any form of plagiarism will be reported to
the Saint Mary’s Academic Integrity Officer.
Remember that you need to cite any idea that is not your own. Also, you cannot provide
any information (theories, concepts, statistics, news, etc.) from your own unless you are
the original publisher of that information, and you can cite your published academic
article as a reference of what you claim. If you have not published your ideas and theories
in academic journals yet, you must indicate (cite) where that information is coming from,
or it is plagiarism.
Additionally, remember that you must paraphrase and summarize any content that you
are using and integrate it into your own thoughts and then write it down. Copy and
pasting a sentence from a source or even paraphrasing it with just changing a few words,
is considered plagiarism.
Try avoiding direct quotation, but if you absolutely have to quote something, you must
follow the exact quoting guidelines in APA format. Also, you are not allowed to quote
more than two sentences in your paper.
A Student’s Guide to Avoiding Plagiarism:
(https://smu.ca/academics/avoiding-plagiarism.html)
What is plagiarism?
Simply put, plagiarism is stealing someone else’s words or ideas and presenting them as
your own without crediting the source. Plagiarism is considered a serious academic
offence. Acts of plagiarism can result in penalties ranging from a failing grade to
suspension or dismissal from the university and, in some cases, the loss of a degree.
Plagiarism can take many forms, plagiarism can be intentional (e.g., deliberately
copying a friend’s essay and submitting it as your own) or accidental (e.g., failure to
correctly cite a source because of careless note-taking or citation skills). The penalties for
plagiarism apply even if you didn’t mean to plagiarize.
Other examples of plagiarism include:
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Directly quoting or paraphrasing from any source without properly
acknowledging the source.
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Failing to acknowledge an idea that is not your own.
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Submitting the same paper for more than one class without the permission of your
professors.
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Downloading or purchasing a paper from the Internet and submitting it as your
own.
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Falsifying a bibliography (e.g., making up citations or including a citation to a
real source that you did not actually use).
Give credit where credit is due
Take careful notes. Keep information that is directly quoted, paraphrased, or summarized
separate from your own words and ideas. Be sure to include all the bibliographic details
(author, editors, title, publisher, date, page numbers, website addresses, etc.) you will
need to document your sources.
It isn’t enough to simply list all the sources you used in a bibliography at the end of your
paper. You also need to acknowledge borrowed words or ideas within the text of your
paper. Refer to a style manual for detailed guidelines on how to document your sources.
If you’re not sure which style guide to use, ask your professor to recommend one. A list
of popular style guides can be found on the Library’s website under
the Citations/Refworks link.
Tips and techniques
While the rules for documentation will vary between style manuals, there are a few
basic guidelines to keep in mind:
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Introduce the author(s) of the material you are using (e.g., According to Johnson; As
Warner and Sullivan point out; etc.).
•
When directly quoting material, copy the information exactly as it appears in the
source, enclose it in quotation marks, and cite the source. Longer quotations are not
enclosed in quotation marks, but are indented and set apart from the text in a block
quotation.
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Cite paraphrased or summarized material. When you summarize (i.e., condense in
your own words the main ideas of a source) or paraphrase (i.e., restate in your own
words the passage from a text) you need to credit the source of your information.
Even though you put the information in your own words, you still need to
acknowledge the ideas of the original author.
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Be careful when paraphrasing material. It isn’t enough to simply change a few
words. To paraphrase properly you must rewrite the original passage using your own
words and your own sentence structure. If you decide to keep any unique words or
phrases from the original text, these must be enclosed in quotation marks. When
paraphrasing, try using synonyms or related terms to reword the author’s ideas.
Change the order of ideas and the arrangement of sentences, but do not add new
ideas or delete any important points. A paraphrase should accurately reflect the
meaning of the original passage.
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Use a footnote or a parenthetical citation to identify borrowed information within the
text of your paper (be sure to use the format that is consistent with your choice of
style guide).
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Forms of parenthetical citations can vary depending on the style guide that is used,
but a typical citation may include the author’s last name, publication date, and/or
page number of the borrowed material- e.g., According to one advertising executive,
“commercials that feature animals prove over and over again to be the most
persuasive and popular” (Johnson 217).
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At the end of your paper, list all the sources you cited. This list may be referred to
as Works Cited, Bibliography, or References depending on the style guide that you
use.
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You don’t need to reference common knowledge (i.e., information that is known
widely and that can be found in numerous reference sources such as general
encyclopedias). Examples of common knowledge may include well known dates,
such as 1492 when Columbus reached the Americas, familiar facts, such as the fact
that Canada has two official languages, or familiar sayings (e.g., it rained cats and
dogs). If you are doubtful as to whether or not a fact or idea is common knowledge,
err on the side of caution and cite the source.
Better to be safe than sorry
Throw away nothing! Keep your research notes and keep careful track of all the sources
you use in case you have to prove where you found your information. If using the
Internet as a source of information, beware that web pages can disappear without notice.
Always print a copy (or take screen captures) of the web pages you use in case you need
to prove to your professor that the information did exist.
Remember, the point in documenting the sources you use is to show that you have done
your research, and that you are familiar with the theories and ideas su…
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