NSG 456 UOPX Promotion of Health in Learning Institutions Case Study This assignment is designed to help you understand the differences between qualitative

NSG 456 UOPX Promotion of Health in Learning Institutions Case Study This assignment is designed to help you understand the differences between qualitative and quantitative research designs, as well as select the appropriate method for the research question you have been working on throughout the course.

Step 1: Restate your Week 1 research question and select the type of research (quantitative or qualitative) that is most appropriate for it.

Step 2: Summarize the major steps in that type of research.

Step 3: Determine the specific type or approach (i.e., quasi-experimental, phenomenological, etc.) you would employ and explain why that is the best selection.

Step 4: Explain potential data.

Step 5: Explain how analyzing and interpreting that data can inform your research question.

Format your assignment as one of the following:

18- to 20-slide presentation
875-word paper Research Foundations
NSG/456 Version 2
University of Phoenix Material
Research Topic, Problem, and Question
Complete this worksheet to develop your research focus for this course. To help you better understand
the main parts of research, this topic will be the basis for other assignments in the course.
Identify a Research Topic
Grove, Gray, and Polit (2015) define a research topic as “a concept or broad issue that is important to
nursing, such as acute pain, chronic pain management, coping with illness, or health promotion” (p. 131).
Individualized care in geriatric population
Define your broad research topic in one to two sentences.
The research will be based on the importance of providing individualized geriatric care to older patients.
Identify your Research Problem
Grove, Gray, and Polit (2015) explain that a research problem “is an area in which there is a gap in the
knowledge needed for nursing practice” (p.131).
Write your research problem and explain the significance and background in a 175- to 260-word
narrative.
Research problem: Many older adults deal with the challenge of having multiple diagnoses and the risk of
organ failure, which affects their healthcare needs. Using a general care approach for managing
conditions such as hypertension, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, or other conditions commonly among
the elderly can interfere with their well-being or place them at a higher morbidity in cases where the other
comorbidities are not considered during the care practices.
Significance and background: This research topic will address the need to offer individualized care to
geriatric populations as a way of improving their overall health and decreasing the risks of morbidity and
mortality. The changes in pharmacodynamics, metabolism, pharmacokinetics, and variations in reactions
to treatment influences the response of geriatric patients to different treatment procedures. Even in cases
where geriatric patients are diagnosed with cardiovascular diseases (CVD), while the overall
management of the CVDs might be similar, the provision of care is usually complicated because of
varying levels of frailty, existence of multiple comorbidities, and variations in response to treatment.
In addition to the challenges of the physical health, older adults experience deterioration of their mental
health characterized by reduced cognitive function, loss of memory, and reduced sensory functions,
which might limit their abilities to understand their medical conditions, see, hear, or remember important
information. The variations in these challenges should be considered in managing different patients to
ensure that care provided addresses all their health needs. The challenges experienced by the elderly
illustrates the possibilities of complications during care practices and the need to ensure that treatment
plans created consider factors such as their reduced metabolism rates and possible risks of drug
interactions that might be related by polypharmacy.
Develop your Research Question
Research questions should be short, probing, and take variables into account (Grove, Gray & Polit,
2015). Although the PICOS format is not required, your question should address patient, intervention,
comparisons, outcomes for practice, and study design.
Develop a one-sentence research question.
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1
Research Foundations
NSG/456 Version 2
According to evidence obtained from randomized controlled trials and other research studies, does
providing individualized care in geriatric populations improve the overall outcomes of geriatric patients
when compared to offering generalized care?
Copyright © 2016, 2018 by University of Phoenix. All rights reserved.
2
Grading Criteria
NSG/456v2
University of Phoenix Material
Grading Criteria
Week 1: Research Foundations
Content: 180 points possible
Points possible
Points earned
Research Topic
Clearly identifies a broad research topic
20
Research Problem
Clearly identifies a related research problem, explaining
the knowledge gap
30
Explains significance of the problem to illustrate the
need for the research
30
Explains the background of the problem to illustrate the
need for the research
30
Research question
Question is short and clear
20
Identifies patient, intervention, comparisons, outcomes
for practice and study design
50
Points earned/possible
/180
Copyright © 2019 by University of Phoenix. All rights reserved.
Comments
1
Grading Criteria
NSG/456v2
Week 2: Ethical Issues in Research
Content: 180 points possible
Points possible
Shows evidence of thoughtful consideration of ethics in
a broad sense
80
Addresses the social and clinical value of the research
20
Explains the scientific validity of the research
20
Addresses subject selection and informed consent
20
Shows a favorable risk-benefit ratio
20
Format: 2 points possible
Points possible
Maintains a scholarly tone
5
Cites at least one peer-reviewed and one evidencebased resource in APA format
10
Follows a structure that is clear, concise, and
appropriate
5
Points earned
Comments
Points earned
Comments
Points earned/possible
/180
Copyright © 2019 by University of Phoenix. All rights reserved.
2
Grading Criteria
NSG/456v2
Week 3: Research Design
Content: 180 points possible
Points possible
Appropriately identified the type of research that
correlates to the question identified in week one
assignment
30
Summarized the major steps in the identified type of
research
30
Determined specific type or approach
30
Explained why the approach is the best selection
30
Identified potential resulting data
20
Explained how analyzing and interpreting the data can
inform research question
20
Format: 2 points possible
Points possible
Follows a structure that is clear, concise, and
appropriate, and maintains a scholarly tone
10
Cited at least one peer-reviewed resource in APA
format
10
Points earned
Comments
Points earned
Comments
Points earned/possible
/180
Copyright © 2019 by University of Phoenix. All rights reserved.
3
Grading Criteria
NSG/456v2
Week 4: Finding Evidence
Content: 150 points possible
Points possible
Found and cited three journal articles clearly linked to
the chosen research topic
30
Articles are peer reviewed or original research, recent
(published within 5 years), and statistically significant
30
Summarized each article in your own words, describing:
• participants
• independent variables
• dependent variables
• methods
• results
60
Includes APA citations for each article
10
Format: 2 points possible
Points possible
Follows a structure that is clear, concise, and
appropriate
10
Maintains a scholarly tone
10
Points earned
Comments
Points earned
Comments
Points earned/possible
/150
Copyright © 2019 by University of Phoenix. All rights reserved.
4
Grading Criteria
NSG/456v2
Week 5: Research Dissemination Plan
Content: 180 points possible
Points possible
Demonstrates clear consideration for audience:
• Groups most likely to use this research
• Practice setting
40
Addresses the needs of the end-users, anticipates
questions
• Takes data presentation into account
• Specific needs based on practice setting
• Specific language needs to ensure
understanding
40
Considers specific journals, newsletters, or publications
to publish in to reach the audience
40
Identifies appropriate presentation opportunities:
conferences, meetings, or panels to ensure ideas are
readily available in the field
40
Format: 2 points possible
Points possible
Follows a structure that is clear, concise, and
appropriate
10
Maintains a scholarly tone
10
Points earned
Comments
Points earned
Comments
Points earned/possible
/180
Copyright © 2019 by University of Phoenix. All rights reserved.
5
Running head: ETHICAL CONSIDERATION
Ethical Consideration
Dione Hendrix
University at Phoenix
NSG 456: Research Outcomes Management for the Practicing Nurse
Dr. Carol Dallred
April 8, 2020
1
ETHICAL CONSIDERATION
2
Ethical Consideration
Ethical guidelines are essential in clinical research as they protect the well-being of
participants. The goal of these guidelines is based on ensuring that researchers avoid placing
their participants’ lives at risk. While people who participate in clinical research make it possible
for researchers to gain the knowledge they need about concept, treatments options, and
interventions, there is a need to protect them as placing them at risk of harm goes against the
whole purpose of the research. The ethical guidelines used today are based on risks of abuse
experienced in past studies such as the case of the Tuskegee syphilis study, where patients were
not informed about the nature of the research and its possible effects on them. This project will
be based on assessing the effectiveness of individualized care in geriatric population.
Social and clinical value
Research studies are designed to answer a specific question, which should be important
enough to justify placing people at risk or inconveniencing people. The answer of the research
question sought by the researchers should validate the need for the study. In the case of this
project, the research question involved the need to determine the importance of providing
individualized care to geriatric patients, which is important as generalizing the treatment
approaches used in this population contributes to complications.
Scientific validity
Research studied are supposed to be conducted in a manner that will result in answers
that are understandable and can be applied in actual clinical cases. This illustrates the importance
of considering whether the research question is answerable, the validity of the research methods,
and appropriateness of the study design. Using methods that do not adhere to these factors
ETHICAL CONSIDERATION
3
eliminates the need of conducting that research, as its results might not be useful in clinical
settings (Yip, Han, & Sng, 2016). Invalid studies are unethical because they contribute to
wastage of resources, participant’s time, and exposes the participants to health risks that might
not be reversible. For instance, in the case of the research including a control group that is
offered individualized care while exposing the other group to generalized care could lead to
complications or even death especially in patients with more than one health problem.
Fair subject selection
The selection of the subject is based on determining the right people to incorporate in the
research. Selection of participants should also entail informing the participants about the risks
related to the research and their roles in the research. Those who accept participating in these
studied regardless of the risks the studies pose should be picked based on the scientific goals of
the research as opposed to other factors such as their vulnerability. An effective inclusion and
exclusion criteria should be established to promote the recruitment of suitable subjects.
Vulnerable groups such as children, women, patients in emergency units, and minority
populations should not be included in studies unless a clear scientific reason is provided. The
research will utilize members of the geriatric population. The individuals will not be placed in
any risks, as the study will involve observation of the current care practices used in managing
these patients and determine the changes that need to be implemented to promote better patient
care.
Favorable risk-benefit ratio
This entails assessing the risks and benefits of the research. In the geriatric population
that will be involved in the study, the benefits of the research outweighs the risks (Manton, et al.,
ETHICAL CONSIDERATION
4
2014). The research will focus on assessing the effects of current generalized care approaches
and pointing out the benefits of utilizing individualized care practices. As such, the research will
focus on improving the quality of care offered to these patients.
Independent review
An independent review panel will be used to ensure that the research is ethically
acceptable before its implementation. The independent review panel will consider factors such as
the safety of the participants in the research, the extent to which the study will affect the lives of
the participants, possible negative outcomes that could affect the participants, and the importance
of protecting the participants from harm (Yip, Han, & Sng, 2016). This will also entail
determining whether the individuals conducting the study are free of bias and whether the trial
had been designed in a way that protects the subjects. The independent panel will also monitor
the study during the research process.
Informed consent
Informed consent ensures that the participant involved in a study are informed about what
the study entails, their roles in the research, possible short and long-term effects of the research
on their health (Wu, Howarth, Zhou, Hu, & Cong, 2019). In this research, this process will
entails accurately informing the participants the methods that will be used to collect data from
them during the research process, ensuring they understand this information and its relationship
to their health, and offer them the opportunity to make a voluntary decision. If the participants
are unsure about the research, further information should be offered to them to ensure that they
make an informed decision about taking part in the study.
Respect for potential and enrolled subjects
ETHICAL CONSIDERATION
Researchers are required to treat possible participants with respect from the point their
first interact with them. Participants who are unwilling to participate in the study should not be
forced or treated unfairly during care giving processes. During the participant selection process,
the geriatric population identified will be informed about the research and given the opportunity
to either participate in the study or opt out.
The ethical consideration process in research ensures that participants are treated with
dignity and respect despite their health status. Involving them in the research by educating them
about the role of the study and its impact in their care-giving process will promote their
compliance in the study.
5
ETHICAL CONSIDERATION
6
References
Manton, A., Wolf, L. A., Baker, K. M., Carman, M. J., Clark, P. R., Henderson, D., & Zavotsky,
K. (2014). Ethical Considerations in Human Subjects Research. Journal of Emerging
Nursing, 40(1), 92-94. Retrieved from https://www.jenonline.org/article/S00991767(13)00509-6/abstract.
Wu, Y., Howarth, M., Zhou, C., Hu, M., & Cong, W. (2019). Reporting of ethical approval and
informed consent in clinical research published in leading nursing journals: a
retrospective observational study. BMC Medical Ethics, Retrieved from
https://bmcmedethics.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12910-019-0431-5.
Yip, C., Han, N.-L. R., & Sng, B. L. (2016). Legal and ethical issues in research. Indian Journal
of Anesthesia, 60(9), 684-688. Retrieved from
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5037952/.

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